RHEL 5.3 下单节点oracle 11G RAC的安装

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【Oracle 11G RAC 零基础搭建】 redhat6.9+oracle 11g rac 搭建过程阅读详情

开始测试oracle 11g rac，本本的性能有限，因此装个单节点rac。步骤如下：

网卡绑定

修改/etc/modprobe.conf 和/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下的ifcfg-bond* ifcfg-eth*

这里不再多说

配置Xmanager连接

vi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf

将[xdmcp]下的Enable=false 改成 Enable=true

AllowRemoteRoot=false 改成 AllowRemoteRoot=true

使之生效：

gdm-restart

检查系统中是否安装了需要的包

需要安装的包的清单：

binutils-2.15.92.0.2
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.97
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
expat-1.95.7
gcc-3.4.6
gcc-c++-3.4.6
glibc-2.3.4-2.41
glibc-2.3.4-2.41 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.3.4
glibc-devel-2.3.4
glibc-headers-2.3.4
libaio-0.3.105
libaio-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.105
libaio-devel-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libgcc-3.4.6
libgcc-3.4.6 (32-bit)
libstdc++-3.4.6
libstdc++-3.4.6 (32 bit)
libstdc++-devel 3.4.6
make-3.80
pdksh-5.2.14
sysstat-5.0.5
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n'binutils \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel

创建用户

新建几个用户组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1021 asmdba

groupadd -g 1031 dba

groupadd -g 1022 asmoper

创建用户

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

passwd oracle

passwd grid

修改环境变量

cat>>/home/grid/.bashrc<<EOF
if [ -t 0 ]; then
stty intr ^C
fi
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH
umask 022
EOF

cat>>/home/oracle/.bashrc<<EOF
if [ -t 0 ]; then
stty intr ^C
fi
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=oradb1
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH
umask 022
EOF

cat>>/root/.bashrc<<EOF
export PATH=/opt/app/11.2.0/grid/bin:/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:\$PATH
EOF

配置网络

修改/etc/hosts文件(根据实际情况修改)

cat>/etc/hosts<<EOF
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost
# Public Network - (eth0,eth1---bond0)
192.168.77.241  rac  rac.wildwave.com
# Private Interconnect - (eth2,eth3-bond1)
10.10.10.241    rac-priv
# Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses for - (eth0,eth1---bond0)
192.168.77.243  rac-vip
EOF

配置DNS

服务器端配置

修改/etc/named.conf文件

cd /var/named/chroot/etc

cat> named.conf<<EOF
options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
 
        // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port
        // randomization
        // query-source    port 53;
        // query-source-v6 port 53;
 
        allow-query     { 192.168.77.0/24; };
        
};
logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};
view localhost_resolver {
        match-clients      { 192.168.77.0/24; };
        match-destinations { any; };
        recursion yes;
        include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};

controls {
      inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndckey"; };
};
include "/etc/rndc.key";
EOF


cat> named.rfc1912.zones<<EOF
zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
};
zone "wildwave.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "wildwave.zone";
        allow-update { none; };
};
 
zone "77.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "named.wildwave";
        allow-update { none; };
};
EOF

修改/var/named/下的文件

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
cat>named.ca<<EOF
;       This file holds the information on root name servers needed to
;       initialize cache of Internet domain name servers
;       (e.g. reference this file in the "cache  .  <file>"
;       configuration file of BIND domain name servers).
;
;       This file is made available by InterNIC 
;       under anonymous FTP as
;           file                /domain/named.cache
;           on server           FTP.INTERNIC.NET
;       -OR-                    RS.INTERNIC.NET
;
;       last update:    Jun 17, 2010
;       related version of root zone:   2010061700
;
; formerly NS.INTERNIC.NET
;
.                        3600000  IN  NS    A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     198.41.0.4
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:503:BA3E::2:30
;
; FORMERLY NS1.ISI.EDU
;
.                        3600000      NS    B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.228.79.201
;
; FORMERLY C.PSI.NET
;
.                        3600000      NS    C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.33.4.12
;
; FORMERLY TERP.UMD.EDU
;
.                        3600000      NS    D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     128.8.10.90
;
; FORMERLY NS.NASA.GOV
;
.                        3600000      NS    E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.203.230.10
;
; FORMERLY NS.ISC.ORG
;
.                        3600000      NS    F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.5.5.241
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:2F::F
;
; FORMERLY NS.NIC.DDN.MIL
;
.                        3600000      NS    G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.112.36.4
;
; FORMERLY AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL
;
.                        3600000      NS    H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     128.63.2.53
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:1::803F:235
;
; FORMERLY NIC.NORDU.NET
;
.                        3600000      NS    I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.36.148.17
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:7FE::53
;
; OPERATED BY VERISIGN, INC.
;
.                        3600000      NS    J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     192.58.128.30
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:503:C27::2:30
;
; OPERATED BY RIPE NCC
;
.                        3600000      NS    K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     193.0.14.129
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:7FD::1
;
; OPERATED BY ICANN
;
.                        3600000      NS    L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     199.7.83.42
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:500:3::42
;
; OPERATED BY WIDE
;
.                        3600000      NS    M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      A     202.12.27.33
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.      3600000      AAAA  2001:DC3::35
; End of File
EOF

正向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/

cat>wildwave.zone<<EOF
\$TTL    86400
@       IN  SOA  rac.wildwave.com.       root.wildwave.com. (
                                        2010022101    ; serial (d. adams)
                                        3H           ; refresh
                                        15M          ; retry
                                        1W           ; expiry
                                        1D )          ; minimum
 
@               IN NS        rac.wildwave.com.
rac             IN A         192.168.77.241
rac-vip          IN A         192.168.77.243
rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.245
rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.246
rac-scan          IN A         192.168.77.247
EOF

反向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/

cat>named.wildwave<<EOF
\$TTL    86400
@      IN      SOA     rac.wildwave.com.   root.wildwave.com.  (
                                      2010022101 ; Serial
                                      28800           ; Refresh
                                      14400           ; Retry
                                      3600000       ; Expire
                                      86400 )         ; Minimum
@       IN     NS      rac.wildwave.com.
241     IN     PTR      rac.wildwave.com.
243     IN     PTR      rac-vip.wildwave.com.
245     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.
246     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.
247     IN     PTR      rac-scan.wildwave.com.
EOF

chkconfig named on

service named restart

客户端配置

cat>/etc/resolv.conf<<EOF

nameserver 192.168.77.241

EOF

vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

hosts: files dns

顺序改为

hosts:dns files

时间同步

使用CTSS

这个试验里我们使用CTSS

停ntp 时间同步

/etc/init.d/ntpd stop

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org

使用NTP

chkconfig ntpd on

vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

# Drop root to id 'ntp:ntp' by default.

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p/var/run/ntpd.pid"

# Set to 'yes' to sync hw clock aftersuccessful ntpdate

SYNC_HWCLOCK=no

# Additional options for ntpdate

NTPDATE_OPTIONS=""

Then, restart the NTP service.

/sbin/service ntpd restart

配置内核参数

cat>>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
EOF

修改资源限制

cat>>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
EOF

echo "session required pam_limits.so">>/etc/pam.d/login


cat>>/etc/profile<<EOF 
if [ \$USER = \"oracle\" ] || [ $USER = \"grid\" ]; then
if [ \$SHELL = \"/bin/ksh\" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
EOF

创建相关目录

mkdir -p /opt/app/oraInventory
chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /opt/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/11.2.0/grid
chmod -R 775 /opt/app/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle
mkdir /opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs 
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oracle

mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

安装和配置ASMLib

rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.i386.rpm\
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm \
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

Default user to own the driver interface[]: grid
Default group to own the driver interface[]: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot(y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n)[y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driverconfiguration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks: [ OK ]