文章目录
环境
文章开始之前,先介绍一下本文的环境,这里要特别注意zookeeper的版本以及你服务器zookeeper的版本,在maven中要注意依赖的问题,后面会解决
产品 | 版本 |
---|---|
jdk | 8 |
maven | 3.8.3 |
springboot | 2.0.4 |
springcloud | Fincchley.SR1 |
gateway | 2.0.0.RELEASE |
zookeeper | 3.4.12 |
开始准备
工程结构图
compass-zk
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common gateway
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--------------------------
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service task
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service-impl
这是我的大致的目录结构,可以作为参考
pom
父pom
<properties>
<java.version>8</java.version>
<spring.boot.version>2.0.4.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.32</slf4j.version>
<logback.version>1.2.6</logback.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.20</lombok.version>
<hibernate.version>6.0.9.Final</hibernate.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.76</fastjson.version>
<hutool.version>5.7.12</hutool.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.45</mysql.version>
<jjwt.version>0.9.1</jjwt.version>
<spring.cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.5.8.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-core</artifactId>
<version>${hutool.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>${jjwt.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.12</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>31.0.1-jre</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
这里注意一下我使用的是springcloud整合zookeeper的整合包,重点是要把其自带的zookeeper排除,如果的zookeeper是3.6.0以上就不需要,否则就下面自定义版本以及jar包
gateway的pom
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
这里有一个坑,springcloudgateway采用的是spring-webflux的非阻塞通信技术,切忌不要在这个模块或者其祖先模块将spring-web引入,会引起冲突
编写代码
启动类加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UrlGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UrlGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer()
{
return new DefaultServerCodecConfigurer();
}
}
配置文件
server:
port: 10002
spring:
application:
name: url-gateway
cloud:
zookeeper:
connect-string: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx
gateway:
globalcors: # 处理跨域
cors-configurations:
'[/**]':
allowedOrigins: "*"
allowedMethods:
- GET
- POST
- PUT
- DELETE
routes:
- id: 唯一标识
uri: lb://服务名称
predicates:
- Path=/服务名称/**
filters:
# 匹配后处理,转发时可以删除第一个/前面的路径
- StripPrefix=1
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true
lower-case-service-id: true
这里对StripPrefix再间能讲解一下 举个例子,假如你的访问请求路径是
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxxxx/服务名称/aaa/bbb ,转发后的路径为 服务对应的路径/aaa/bbb
配置到这里基本就完成了,具体网关的很多策略这里就不讲了,下面就说一下会遇到的问题
问题回顾
其实在前面的步骤中,我已经给了避免踩坑的方法,这里避免cv党,就重新描述一下
版本问题
控制台输出
KeeperErrorCode = Unimplemented for /services/url-gateway/d6b445e4-92b5-47ea
这里要注意自己的服务器版本,可能是项目中版本与实际版本不一致导致的,不一定高版本的jar会兼容低版本的服务器
pom错误引入spring-web的组件进入gateway的模块
**********************************************************
Spring MVC found on classpath, which is incompatible with Spring Cloud Gateway at this time. Please remove spring-boot-starter-web dependency.
**********************************************************
2020-07-21 10:12:27.253 WARN 8576 --- [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'gatewayControllerEndpoint' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/gateway/config/GatewayAutoConfiguration$GatewayActuatorConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'gatewayControllerEndpoint' parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'modifyRequestBodyGatewayFilterFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/gateway/config/GatewayAutoConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'modifyRequestBodyGatewayFilterFactory' parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
2020-07-21 10:12:27.253 INFO 8576 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2020-07-21 10:12:27.273 INFO 8576 --- [ main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :
Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2020-07-21 10:12:27.388 ERROR 8576 --- [ main] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter :
***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************
Description:
Parameter 0 of method modifyRequestBodyGatewayFilterFactory in org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayAutoConfiguration required a bean of type 'org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer' that could not be found.
Action:
Consider defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer' in your configuration.
2020-07-21 10:12:27.398 WARN 8576 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Unable to close ApplicationContext
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'springApplicationAdminRegistrar' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/admin/SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'springApplicationAdminRegistrar' parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:539) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:207) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.event.AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.retrieveApplicationListeners(AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.java:245) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.event.AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.getApplicationListeners(AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.java:197) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:134) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:403) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:360) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.availability.AvailabilityChangeEvent.publish(AvailabilityChangeEvent.java:81) ~[spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.availability.AvailabilityChangeEvent.publish(AvailabilityChangeEvent.java:67) ~[spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.doClose(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:167) ~[spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:978) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.handleRunFailure(SpringApplication.java:814) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:325) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at online.hupeng.cloud.gateway.GateWayApplication.main(GateWayApplication.java:12) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.core.env.Environment' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1716) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1272) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:885) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:789) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 23 common frames omitted
springcloudgateway采用的是spring-webflux的非阻塞通信技术,切忌不要在这个模块或者其祖先模块将spring-web引入,会引起冲突,解决方案,将父版本web放在对应的模块中,不要全局引入,或者全部采用webflux做项目
连接zookeeper超时
这里可能是zookeeper挂掉了,这里切忌集群规模不能是偶数,zookeeper是基于raft协议,奇数个比较好一点,还有就是防火墙,确定对应的端口能够访问,zookeeper是使用ftp协议的,注意一下。
写在最后
写代码要仔细,尤其是配置文件,很容易出错