Sentinel整合Ribbon和OpenFeign

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 17:18:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 17:18:47 发布

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分类专栏： SpringCloudAlibaba 文章标签： sentinel ribbon java

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_44230693/article/details/130899253

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1.Sentinel整合Ribbon

1.1.Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon环境准备

sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback

Ribbon系列

启动nacos和sentinel
提供者9003/9004
消费者84

1.1.1提供者9003/9004

新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004，两个一样的做法

POM

 <dependencies>
    <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--日常通用组件-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.tianxia</groupId>
        <artifactId>api-commons</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

YML,记得修改不同的端口号

server:
  port: 9003

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

主启动

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

/**
 * 启动类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 18:17
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.CommonResult;
import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * 启动类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 18:17
 **/
@RestController
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    // 模拟数据库
    public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    
    static {
        hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
        hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
        hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:  " + serverPort, payment);
        return result;
    }
}

**测试地址 **

http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1

1.1.2.消费者84

新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84

POM

<dependencies>
    <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--日常通用组件-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.tianxia</groupId>
        <artifactId>api-commons</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

YML

server:
  port: 84

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
    sentinel:
      transport:
        #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
        dashboard: localhost:8080
        #默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
        port: 8719

#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

主启动

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 23:45
 **/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain84 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.CommonResult;
import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * 业务类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 23:47
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class CircleBreakerController {

    @Value(value = "${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    public String SERVICE_URL;

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }
}

配置类ApplicationContextConfig

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * 配置类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 23:46
 **/
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

修改后请重启微服务

热部署对java代码级生效及时
对@SentinelResource注解内属性，有时效果不好

目的

fallback管运行异常
blockHandler管配置违规

测试地址 - http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1

没有任何配置

只配置fallback

只配置blockHandler

fallback和blockHandler都配置

忽略属性

1.2.Sentinel服务熔断无配置

没有任何配置 - 给用户error页面，不友好

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController {
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
 
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }
}

1.3.Sentinel服务熔断只配置fallback

fallback只负责业务异常

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController {
    
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
 
     /**
     * sentinel熔断
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // fallback只负责业务异常
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }
    
    /**
     * 异常兜底方法  - 本例是fallback
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
     * @return
     */
    public CommonResult<Payment> handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e){
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  " + e.getMessage(), payment);
    }
}

测试地址 - http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

1.4.Sentinel服务熔断只配置blockHandler

blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class CircleBreakerController {

    @Value(value = "${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    public String SERVICE_URL;

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    /**
     * sentinel熔断
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // fallback只负责业务异常
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") // blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配违规
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }
    
    /**
     * sentinel配违规兜底方法 - 本例是blockHandler
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:23
     * @return
     */
    public CommonResult<Payment> blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445, "blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  " + blockException.getMessage(), payment);
    }
}

1.5.Sentinel服务熔断fallback和blockHandler都配置

若blockHandler和fallback 都进行了配置，则被限流降级而抛出BlockException时只会进入blockHandler处理逻辑。

/**
 * 业务类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 23:47
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class CircleBreakerController {

    @Value(value = "${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    public String SERVICE_URL;

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    /**
     * sentinel熔断
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // fallback只负责业务异常
    // @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler") // blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配违规
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler")
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 异常兜底方法  - 本例是fallback
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
     * @return
     */
    public CommonResult<Payment> handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id, Throwable e){
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  " + e.getMessage(), payment);
    }

    /**
     * sentinel配违规兜底方法 - 本例是blockHandler
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 10:23
     * @return
     */
    public CommonResult<Payment> blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445, "blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  " + blockException.getMessage(), payment);
    }
}

1.6.Sentinel服务熔断exceptionsToIgnore忽略异常

exceptionsToIgnore：忽略指定异常，即这些异常不用兜底方法处理。

/**
 * sentinel熔断
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-27 10:17
 * @return
 */
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // fallback只负责业务异常
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler") // blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配违规
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler", exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
    CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id);

    if (id == 4) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
    }else if (result.getData() == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
    }

    return result;
}

2.Sentinel整合Feign

修改84模块

84消费者调用提供者9003
Feign组件一般是消费侧

POM

<!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>

YML

# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

业务类

带@Feignclient注解的业务接口，fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class

import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.CommonResult;
import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

/**
 * 服务类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-27 11:13
 */
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentService {
    
    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.CommonResult;
import com.tianxia.alibaba.entity.Payment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 兜底方法
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-27 11:02
 */
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService {

    /**
     * 微服务调用异常兜底方法
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-05-27 11:03
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id) {
        return new CommonResult<>(44444,"服务降级返回,---PaymentFallbackService", new Payment(id,"errorSerial"));
    }
}

Controller

/**
 * openfeign调用
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-27 11:19
 * @return
 */
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
}

主启动

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

/**
 * 启动类
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-05-26 23:45
 **/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages="com.tianxia.alibaba.minisevice") // <------------------------
public class OrderNacosMain84 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

测试 - http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1

测试84调用9003，此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者，84消费侧自动降级，不会被耗死。

3.熔断框架比较

-	Sentinel	Hystrix	resilience4j
隔离策略	信号量隔离（并发线程数限流）	线程池隔商/信号量隔离	信号量隔离
熔断降级策略	基于响应时间、异常比率、异常数	基于异常比率	基于异常比率、响应时间
实时统计实现	滑动窗口（LeapArray）	滑动窗口（基于RxJava）	Ring Bit Buffer
动态规则配置	支持多种数据源	支持多种数据源	有限支持
扩展性	多个扩展点	插件的形式	接口的形式
基于注解的支持	支持	支持	支持
限流	基于QPS，支持基于调用关系的限流	有限的支持	Rate Limiter
流量整形	支持预热模式匀速器模式、预热排队模式	不支持	简单的Rate Limiter模式
系统自适应保护	支持	不支持	不支持
控制台	提供开箱即用的控制台，可配置规则、查看秒级监控，机器发观等	简单的监控查看	不提供控制台，可对接其它监控系统