JAVA设计模式：工厂模式在开发中的运用，以计算机为例

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-31 11:15:00 发布

Licheng Xu

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-31 11:15:00 发布

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分类专栏： Java

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本文通过具体案例，详细解析了工厂模式在计算器程序中的应用，包括简单工厂模式和工厂方法模式，展示了如何通过抽象类和接口实现代码的解耦合，使程序更易于维护和扩展。

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工厂模式在开发中的运用

一、面试题

计算器

二、利用简单工厂模式解决，避免面向过程

2.1 Operation

public abstract class Operation {
    private double num1;
    private double num2;

    public double getNum1() {
        return num1;
    }

    public void setNum1(double num1) {
        this.num1 = num1;
    }

    public double getNum2() {
        return num2;
    }

    public void setNum2(double num2) {
        this.num2 = num2;
    }

    public abstract double getResult();
}

2.2 AddOperation

public class AddOperation extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = this.getNum1()+this.getNum2();
        return result;
    }
}

2.3 SubOperation

public class SubtractionOperation extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = this.getNum1()-this.getNum2();
        return result;
    }
}

2.4 OperationFactory

public class OperationFactory {
    public static Operation getOperation(String oper){
        if("+".equals(oper))
            return new AddOperation();
        if("-".equals(oper))
            return new SubtractionOperation();
        return null;
    }
}

2.5 MainClass

public class MainClass {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        //1、接受控制台输入
        System.out.println("--- 计算器程序 ---");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("输入第一个操作数");
        String strNum1 = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入运算符");
        String oper = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入第二个操作数");
        String strNum2 = scanner.nextLine();

        double result = 0;
        double num1 = Double.parseDouble(strNum1);
        double num2 = Double.parseDouble(strNum2);

        //2、进行运算
        Operation operation = OperationFactory.getOperation(oper);
        operation.setNum1(num1);
        operation.setNum2(num2);
        result = operation.getResult();

        //3、返回结果
        System.out.println(strNum1+" "+oper+" "+strNum2+" = "+result);
    }
}

三、工厂方法模式进行优化

3.1 Operation

public abstract class Operation {
    private double num1;
    private double num2;

    public double getNum1() {
        return num1;
    }

    public void setNum1(double num1) {
        this.num1 = num1;
    }

    public double getNum2() {
        return num2;
    }

    public void setNum2(double num2) {
        this.num2 = num2;
    }

    public abstract double getResult();
}

3.2 AddOperation

public class AddOperation extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        double result = this.getNum1()+this.getNum2();
        return result;
    }
}

3.3 OperationFactory

public interface  OperationFactory {
    public Operation getOperation();
}

3.4 AddOperationFactory

public class AddOperationFactory implements OperationFactory {
    @Override
    public Operation getOperation() {
        return new AddOperation();
    }
}

3.5 MainClass

public class MainClass {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        //1、接受控制台输入
        System.out.println("--- 计算器程序 ---");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("输入第一个操作数");
        String strNum1 = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入运算符");
        String oper = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("输入第二个操作数");
        String strNum2 = scanner.nextLine();

        double result = 0;
        double num1 = Double.parseDouble(strNum1);
        double num2 = Double.parseDouble(strNum2);

        //2、进行运算
        if("+".equals(oper)){
            OperationFactory operationFactory = new AddOperationFactory();
            Operation operation = operationFactory.getOperation();
            operation.setNum1(num1);
            operation.setNum2(num2);
            result = operation.getResult();
        }
        if("-".equals(oper)){
            OperationFactory operationFactory = new SubtractionOperationFactory();
            Operation operation = operationFactory.getOperation();
            operation.setNum1(num1);
            operation.setNum2(num2);
            result = operation.getResult();
        }
        //3、返回结果
        System.out.println(strNum1+" "+oper+" "+strNum2+" = "+result);
    }
}