实现系统调用

于 2023-01-14 16:24:10 发布
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分类专栏： 操作系统 # 操作系统真象还原 文章标签： linux c++ c语言
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_42888638/article/details/128680893
版权
本文详细记录了在Ubuntu18.04环境下使用Bochs模拟器进行的一系列实验，包括实现系统调用、write系统调用、printf函数（从16进制到支持多种类型输出）、以及堆内存管理的malloc和free函数。实验涉及修改和新建多个源文件，并逐步完善内核功能。

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文章目录

前言

博客记录《操作系统真象还原》第十二章实验的操作~

实验环境：ubuntu18.04+VMware ， Bochs下载安装

实验内容：

  1. 实现系统调用。
  2. 实现write系统调用。
  3. 实现printf。
    3.1 仅支持16进制。
    3.2 完善printf。支持类型字符s,c,d的输出。
  4. 实现堆内存管理（实现malloc部分）。
  5. 实现free函数。

前置知识

系统调用

系统调用：系统调用就是让用户进程申请操作系统的帮助，让操作系统帮其完成某项工作，也就是相当于用户进程调用了操作系统的功能。

系统调用接口：操作系统提供了一组接口，每个接口都是不同的功能，用户进程需要什么功能就调用什么，这组接口就是系统调用接口。

系统调用的实现思路

  1. 用中断门实现系统调用。(效仿 Linux 用 0x80 号中断作为系统调用的入口)
  2. 在 IDT（Interrupt Descriptor Table） 中安装 0x80 号中断对应的描述符，在该描述符中注册系统调用对应的中断处理例程。
  3. 建立系统调用子功能表 syscall_table，利用 eax 寄存器中的子功能号在该表中索引相应的处理函数。
  4. 用宏实现用户空间系统调用接口_syscall。

实验操作

实现一

修改及新建 kernel.S,interrupt.c,syscall.c,syscall.h,syscall-init.c,syscall-init.h，thread.c,init.c

自己新建 kernel/kernel.h

#ifndef __KERNEL_KERNEL_H
#define __KERNEL_KERNEL_H

void syscall_handler(void);

#endif

makefile文件

BUILD_DIR = ./build
ENTRY_POINT = 0xc0001500
AS = nasm
CC = gcc
LD = ld
LIB = -I lib/ -I lib/kernel/ -I lib/user/ -I kernel/ -I device/ 
ASFLAGS = -f elf
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -fno-stack-protector $(LIB) -c -fno-builtin -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
LDFLAGS =  -m elf_i386 -Ttext $(ENTRY_POINT) -e main -Map $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.map
OBJS = $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o $(BUILD_DIR)/init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o $(BUILD_DIR)/print.o $(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o $(BUILD_DIR)/string.o $(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o $(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o $(BUILD_DIR)/list.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o $(BUILD_DIR)/console.o $(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o $(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o $(BUILD_DIR)/process.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o
      
##############     c代码编译     ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/main.o: kernel/main.c lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/init.h lib/string.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h device/console.h \
        device/keyboard.h device/ioqueue.h userprog/process.h \
        lib/user/syscall.h userprog/syscall-init.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/init.o: kernel/init.c kernel/init.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h device/timer.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h device/console.h device/keyboard.h userprog/tss.h \
        userprog/syscall-init.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o: kernel/interrupt.c kernel/interrupt.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/global.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/kernel.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o: device/timer.c device/timer.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o: kernel/debug.c kernel/debug.h \
        lib/kernel/print.h lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/string.o: lib/string.c lib/string.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/global.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o: kernel/memory.c kernel/memory.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/debug.h lib/string.h \
	thread/sync.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o: lib/kernel/bitmap.c lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/global.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o: thread/thread.c thread/thread.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	userprog/process.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/list.o: lib/kernel/list.c lib/kernel/list.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h lib/stdint.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o: thread/sync.c thread/sync.h \
	lib/stdint.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/console.o: device/console.c device/console.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o: device/keyboard.c device/keyboard.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h lib/kernel/io.h kernel/interrupt.h \
	kernel/global.h lib/stdint.h device/ioqueue.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o: device/ioqueue.c device/ioqueue.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h kernel/global.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o: userprog/tss.c userprog/tss.h \
	kernel/global.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/print.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/process.o: userprog/process.c userprog/process.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h kernel/debug.h device/console.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o: userprog/syscall-init.c userprog/syscall-init.h \
	lib/user/syscall.h lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o: lib/user/syscall.c lib/user/syscall.h 
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
##############    汇编代码编译    ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o: kernel/kernel.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/print.o: lib/kernel/print.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o: thread/switch.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

##############    链接所有目标文件    #############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin: $(OBJS)
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@

.PHONY : mk_dir hd clean all

mk_dir:
	if [ ! -d $(BUILD_DIR) ]; then mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); fi

hd:
	dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin \
           of=/home/cooiboi/bochs/boot/hd60M.img \
           bs=512 count=200 seek=9 conv=notrunc

clean:
	cd $(BUILD_DIR) && rm -f  ./*

build: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin

all: mk_dir build hd

在这里插入图片描述

实验二

新建及修改 syscall.h，syscall.c，syscall-init.h，syscall-init.c 添加系统调用。

实验三

新建及修改stdio.h ，stdio.c ,main.c

BUILD_DIR = ./build
ENTRY_POINT = 0xc0001500
AS = nasm
CC = gcc
LD = ld
LIB = -I lib/ -I lib/kernel/ -I lib/user/ -I kernel/ -I device/ 
ASFLAGS = -f elf
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -fno-stack-protector $(LIB) -c -fno-builtin -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
LDFLAGS =  -m elf_i386 -Ttext $(ENTRY_POINT) -e main -Map $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.map
OBJS = $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o $(BUILD_DIR)/init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o $(BUILD_DIR)/print.o $(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o $(BUILD_DIR)/string.o $(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o $(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o $(BUILD_DIR)/list.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o $(BUILD_DIR)/console.o $(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o $(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o $(BUILD_DIR)/process.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o $(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o
      
##############     c代码编译     ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/main.o: kernel/main.c lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/init.h lib/string.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h device/console.h \
        device/keyboard.h device/ioqueue.h userprog/process.h \
        lib/user/syscall.h userprog/syscall-init.h lib/stdio.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/init.o: kernel/init.c kernel/init.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h device/timer.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h device/console.h device/keyboard.h userprog/tss.h \
        userprog/syscall-init.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o: kernel/interrupt.c kernel/interrupt.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/global.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/kernel.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o: device/timer.c device/timer.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o: kernel/debug.c kernel/debug.h \
        lib/kernel/print.h lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/string.o: lib/string.c lib/string.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/global.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o: kernel/memory.c kernel/memory.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/debug.h lib/string.h \
	thread/sync.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o: lib/kernel/bitmap.c lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/global.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o: thread/thread.c thread/thread.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	userprog/process.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/list.o: lib/kernel/list.c lib/kernel/list.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h lib/stdint.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o: thread/sync.c thread/sync.h \
	lib/stdint.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/console.o: device/console.c device/console.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o: device/keyboard.c device/keyboard.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h lib/kernel/io.h kernel/interrupt.h \
	kernel/global.h lib/stdint.h device/ioqueue.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o: device/ioqueue.c device/ioqueue.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h kernel/global.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o: userprog/tss.c userprog/tss.h \
	kernel/global.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/print.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/process.o: userprog/process.c userprog/process.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h kernel/debug.h device/console.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o: userprog/syscall-init.c userprog/syscall-init.h \
	lib/user/syscall.h lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o: lib/user/syscall.c lib/user/syscall.h 
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o: lib/stdio.c lib/stdio.h lib/stdint.h lib/string.h lib/user/syscall.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
##############    汇编代码编译    ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o: kernel/kernel.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/print.o: lib/kernel/print.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o: thread/switch.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

##############    链接所有目标文件    #############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin: $(OBJS)
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@

.PHONY : mk_dir hd clean all

mk_dir:
	if [ ! -d $(BUILD_DIR) ]; then mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); fi

hd:
	dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin \
           of=/home/cooiboi/bochs/boot/hd60M.img \
           bs=512 count=200 seek=9 conv=notrunc

clean:
	cd $(BUILD_DIR) && rm -f  ./*

build: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin

all: mk_dir build hd

在这里插入图片描述
完善printf输出

修改stdio.c,main.c。

makefile不变。

在这里插入图片描述

实验四

修改memory.h，memory.c，thread.c，process.c

修改main.c

makefile文件

BUILD_DIR = ./build
ENTRY_POINT = 0xc0001500
AS = nasm
CC = gcc
LD = ld
LIB = -I lib/ -I lib/kernel/ -I lib/user/ -I kernel/ -I device/ 
ASFLAGS = -f elf
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -fno-stack-protector $(LIB) -c -fno-builtin -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
LDFLAGS =  -m elf_i386 -Ttext $(ENTRY_POINT) -e main -Map $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.map
OBJS = $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o $(BUILD_DIR)/init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o $(BUILD_DIR)/print.o $(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o $(BUILD_DIR)/string.o $(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o $(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o $(BUILD_DIR)/list.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o $(BUILD_DIR)/console.o $(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o $(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o $(BUILD_DIR)/process.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o $(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o
      
##############     c代码编译     ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/main.o: kernel/main.c lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/init.h lib/string.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h device/console.h \
        device/keyboard.h device/ioqueue.h userprog/process.h \
        lib/user/syscall.h userprog/syscall-init.h lib/stdio.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/init.o: kernel/init.c kernel/init.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h device/timer.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h device/console.h device/keyboard.h userprog/tss.h \
        userprog/syscall-init.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o: kernel/interrupt.c kernel/interrupt.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/global.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/kernel.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o: device/timer.c device/timer.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o: kernel/debug.c kernel/debug.h \
        lib/kernel/print.h lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/string.o: lib/string.c lib/string.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/global.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o: kernel/memory.c kernel/memory.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/debug.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h \
	thread/sync.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/list.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o: lib/kernel/bitmap.c lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/global.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o: thread/thread.c thread/thread.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	userprog/process.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/list.o: lib/kernel/list.c lib/kernel/list.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h lib/stdint.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o: thread/sync.c thread/sync.h \
	lib/stdint.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/console.o: device/console.c device/console.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o: device/keyboard.c device/keyboard.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h lib/kernel/io.h kernel/interrupt.h \
	kernel/global.h lib/stdint.h device/ioqueue.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o: device/ioqueue.c device/ioqueue.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h kernel/global.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o: userprog/tss.c userprog/tss.h \
	kernel/global.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/print.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/process.o: userprog/process.c userprog/process.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h kernel/debug.h device/console.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o: userprog/syscall-init.c userprog/syscall-init.h \
	lib/user/syscall.h lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o: lib/user/syscall.c lib/user/syscall.h 
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o: lib/stdio.c lib/stdio.h lib/stdint.h lib/string.h lib/user/syscall.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
##############    汇编代码编译    ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o: kernel/kernel.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/print.o: lib/kernel/print.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o: thread/switch.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

##############    链接所有目标文件    #############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin: $(OBJS)
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@

.PHONY : mk_dir hd clean all

mk_dir:
	if [ ! -d $(BUILD_DIR) ]; then mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); fi

hd:
	dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin \
           of=/home/cooiboi/bochs/boot/hd60M.img \
           bs=512 count=200 seek=9 conv=notrunc

clean:
	cd $(BUILD_DIR) && rm -f  ./*

build: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin

all: mk_dir build hd

在这里插入图片描述

实验五

修改 memory.c ， memory.h , main.c

同时记得修改syscall.c,syscall.h，syscall-init.c , syscall-init.h 文件。

makefile

BUILD_DIR = ./build
ENTRY_POINT = 0xc0001500
AS = nasm
CC = gcc
LD = ld
LIB = -I lib/ -I lib/kernel/ -I lib/user/ -I kernel/ -I device/ 
ASFLAGS = -f elf
CFLAGS = -Wall -m32 -fno-stack-protector $(LIB) -c -fno-builtin -W -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
LDFLAGS =  -m elf_i386 -Ttext $(ENTRY_POINT) -e main -Map $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.map
OBJS = $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o $(BUILD_DIR)/init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o $(BUILD_DIR)/print.o $(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o $(BUILD_DIR)/string.o $(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o $(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o $(BUILD_DIR)/list.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o $(BUILD_DIR)/console.o $(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o $(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o $(BUILD_DIR)/process.o \
      $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o $(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o $(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o
      
##############     c代码编译     ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/main.o: kernel/main.c lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/init.h lib/string.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h device/console.h \
        device/keyboard.h device/ioqueue.h userprog/process.h \
        lib/user/syscall.h userprog/syscall-init.h lib/stdio.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/init.o: kernel/init.c kernel/init.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h device/timer.h kernel/memory.h \
        thread/thread.h device/console.h device/keyboard.h userprog/tss.h \
        userprog/syscall-init.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/interrupt.o: kernel/interrupt.c kernel/interrupt.h \
        lib/stdint.h kernel/global.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/kernel.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/timer.o: device/timer.c device/timer.h lib/kernel/io.h lib/kernel/print.h \
        kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/debug.o: kernel/debug.c kernel/debug.h \
        lib/kernel/print.h lib/stdint.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/string.o: lib/string.c lib/string.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/global.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/memory.o: kernel/memory.c kernel/memory.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/debug.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h \
	thread/sync.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/list.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/bitmap.o: lib/kernel/bitmap.c lib/kernel/bitmap.h kernel/global.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/thread.o: thread/thread.c thread/thread.h \
	lib/stdint.h lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h \
	kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	userprog/process.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/list.o: lib/kernel/list.c lib/kernel/list.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h lib/stdint.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/sync.o: thread/sync.c thread/sync.h \
	lib/stdint.h thread/thread.h kernel/debug.h kernel/interrupt.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/console.o: device/console.c device/console.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h thread/sync.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/keyboard.o: device/keyboard.c device/keyboard.h \
	lib/kernel/print.h lib/kernel/io.h kernel/interrupt.h \
	kernel/global.h lib/stdint.h device/ioqueue.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/ioqueue.o: device/ioqueue.c device/ioqueue.h \
	kernel/interrupt.h kernel/global.h kernel/debug.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/tss.o: userprog/tss.c userprog/tss.h \
	kernel/global.h thread/thread.h lib/kernel/print.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/process.o: userprog/process.c userprog/process.h \
	lib/string.h kernel/global.h kernel/memory.h lib/kernel/print.h \
	thread/thread.h kernel/interrupt.h kernel/debug.h device/console.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall-init.o: userprog/syscall-init.c userprog/syscall-init.h \
	lib/user/syscall.h lib/stdint.h lib/kernel/print.h kernel/interrupt.h thread/thread.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/syscall.o: lib/user/syscall.c lib/user/syscall.h 
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/stdio.o: lib/stdio.c lib/stdio.h lib/stdint.h lib/string.h lib/user/syscall.h
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
	
##############    汇编代码编译    ###############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.o: kernel/kernel.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/print.o: lib/kernel/print.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/switch.o: thread/switch.S
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

##############    链接所有目标文件    #############
$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin: $(OBJS)
	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@

.PHONY : mk_dir hd clean all

mk_dir:
	if [ ! -d $(BUILD_DIR) ]; then mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); fi

hd:
	dd if=$(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin \
           of=/home/cooiboi/bochs/boot/hd60M.img \
           bs=512 count=200 seek=9 conv=notrunc

clean:
	cd $(BUILD_DIR) && rm -f  ./*

build: $(BUILD_DIR)/kernel.bin

all: mk_dir build hd

在这里插入图片描述

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