linux在3T的分区磁盘上追加空间

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-03 11:21:42 发布

weixin_42633078

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-03 11:21:42 发布

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签： linux gpt

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这篇博客详细记录了在Linux系统中，如何在GPT分区表环境下将一块3000G磁盘的1000G未分配空间扩容到已有的vdb1分区的过程。包括使用fdisk创建新的分区表，调整分区大小，以及使用xfs_repair和xfs_growfs命令检查和扩展文件系统。

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整块磁盘容量有3000G，其中2000G已经分给了vdb1分区，剩余1000G，现在需要把这1000G扩容到vdb1分区。

[root@dn236 datatom]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1       197G   70G  119G  37% /
devtmpfs        9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           9.8G   18M  9.8G   1% /run
tmpfs           9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/user/1020
/dev/vdb1       2.0T   33G  2.0T   2% /mnt
[root@dn236 datatom]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda    253:0    0  200G  0 disk 
└─vda1 253:1    0  200G  0 part /
vdb    253:16   0    3T  0 disk 
└─vdb1 253:17   0    2T  0 part /mnt

使用df -Th 命令查看文件系统类型，在Type列输出，xfs或者ext4.
关闭所有使用 /mnt 的服务并卸载该分区的挂载点，umount /mnt
若提示磁盘忙，fuser -m -v /mnt 以及 lsof |grep /mnt 找出正在使用磁盘的进程，并结束掉
使用fdisk 命令重新调整磁盘分区大小
fdisk -l
fdisk /dev/vdb
p #查看Start 磁柱号，并记录
g #创建一个新的空的GPT分区表，此时’p’再查看,原本的分区被清理掉了，磁盘头部的MBR分区表清除和替换为GPT分区表，实际上系统文件没有被破坏。
n #创建新分区
p #主分区
1 #第一个分区（创建分区时需要注意，开始的磁柱号要和原来的一致，结束的磁柱号可以直接回车使用全部磁盘）
wq #保存退出，
partprobe 使其操作不用重启生效。

[root@dn236 datatom]# fdisk /dev/vdb

WARNING: The size of this disk is 3.2 TB (3221225472000 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID 
partition table format (GPT).

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes, 6291456000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7f0b0907

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048  4194303999  2097150976   83  Linux

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): 
Command (m for help): g
Building a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 730494AF-154C-4B45-AB97-5B14AC0F3F56)


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes, 6291456000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 730494AF-154C-4B45-AB97-5B14AC0F3F56


#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@dn236 datatom]# fdisk /dev/vdb
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 
First sector (2048-6291455966, default 2048): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-6291455966, default 6291455966): 
Created partition 1


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes, 6291456000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 730494AF-154C-4B45-AB97-5B14AC0F3F56


#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name
 1         2048   6291455966      3T  Linux filesyste 

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

查看分区情况
对于 xfs : xfs_repair /dev/vdb1 #检查分区，遇错修复，
xfs_growfs /dev/vdb1 #调整分区大小
对于 ext4 : e2fsck -f /dev/vdb1 #检查分区，遇错修复，
resize2fs /dev/vdb1 #调整分区大小

[root@dn236 datatom]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda    253:0    0  200G  0 disk 
└─vda1 253:1    0  200G  0 part /
vdb    253:16   0    3T  0 disk 
└─vdb1 253:17   0    2T  0 part /mnt
[root@dn236 datatom]# 
[root@dn236 datatom]# 
[root@dn236 datatom]# partprobe
[root@dn236 datatom]# 
[root@dn236 datatom]# 
[root@dn236 datatom]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda    253:0    0  200G  0 disk 
└─vda1 253:1    0  200G  0 part /
vdb    253:16   0    3T  0 disk 
└─vdb1 253:17   0    3T  0 part /mnt

重新挂载分区 mount /mnt,查看分区

[root@dn236 datatom]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1       197G   70G  119G  37% /
devtmpfs        9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           9.8G   18M  9.8G   1% /run
tmpfs           9.8G     0  9.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/user/1020
/dev/vdb1       3.0T   33G  2.9T   2% /mnt