Redis简介：
Redis是一个开源的使用ANSI
C语言编写、支持网络、可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型、Key-Value数据库，并提供多种语言的API。从2010年3月15日起，Redis的开发工作由VMware主持。redis是一个key-value存储系统。和Memcached类似，它支持存储的value类型相对更多，包括string(字符串)、list(链表)、set(集合)、zset(sorted
set
–有序集合)和hash（哈希类型）。这些数据类型都支持push/pop、add/remove及取交集并集和差集及更丰富的操作，而且这些操作都是原子性的。在此基础上，redis支持各种不同方式的排序。与memcached一样，为了保证效率，数据都是缓存在内存中。区别的是redis会周期性的把更新的数据写入磁盘或者把修改操作写入追加的记录文件，并且在此基础上实现了master-slave(主从)同步。
安装环境：
CentOS 7.4 本文以阿里云购买的服务器为例
Redis redis-3.2.12
- 安装redis
yum install redis
会出现下面的 然后连续选择y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
Trying other mirror.
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 3.2 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/7): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 88 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 166 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 938 kB 00:00:00
(4/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 154 kB 00:00:00
(5/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 1.3 MB 00:00:00
(6/7): epel/x86_64/primary | 3.6 MB 00:00:00
(7/7): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:00
Determining fastest mirrors
epel 12738/12738
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package redis.x86_64 0:3.2.12-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libjemalloc.so.1()(64bit) for package: redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package jemalloc.x86_64 0:3.6.0-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
redis x86_64 3.2.12-2.el7 epel 544 k
Installing for dependencies:
jemalloc x86_64 3.6.0-1.el7 epel 105 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 648 k
Installed size: 1.7 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/2): jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 105 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 544 kB 00:00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6.9 MB/s | 648 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
redis.x86_64 0:3.2.12-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
jemalloc.x86_64 0:3.6.0-1.el7
Complete!
- 启动redis 和测试
service redis start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start redis.service
redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
- 查看redis安装路径和相关配置文件
# 查看包安装路径
rpm -ql redis
/etc/logrotate.d/redis
/etc/redis-sentinel.conf
/etc/redis.conf # redis 配置文件
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service.d/limit.conf
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d
/etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d/limit.conf
/usr/bin/redis-benchmark
/usr/bin/redis-check-aof
/usr/bin/redis-check-rdb
/usr/bin/redis-cli # 自动加载到/usr/bin下命令
/usr/bin/redis-sentinel
/usr/bin/redis-server # 自动加载到/usr/bin下命令
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis-sentinel.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service
/usr/libexec/redis-shutdown
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12/00-RELEASENOTES
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12/BUGS
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12/CONTRIBUTING
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12/MANIFESTO
/usr/share/doc/redis-3.2.12/README.md
/usr/share/licenses/redis-3.2.12
/usr/share/licenses/redis-3.2.12/COPYING
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-benchmark.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-check-aof.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-check-rdb.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-cli.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-sentinel.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/redis-server.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/redis-sentinel.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/redis.conf.5.gz
/var/lib/redis
/var/log/redis
/var/run/redis
- 修改配置文件
sudo vim /etc/redis.conf
4.1、注释掉bind 127.0.0.1 或者绑定 bind 0.0.0.0 可以使所有的ip访问redis，若是想指定多个ip访问，但并不是全部的ip访问，
可以bind。在redis3.2之后，redis增加了protected-mode，在这个模式下，即使注释掉了bind 127.0.0.1，再访问redisd时候还是报错。
4.2、修改 protected-mode 为 no
4.3、修改daemonize 为 yes 确保守护进程开启。
- 设置开机自动启动redis文件
# 编辑开机自动启动redis文件
vi /etc/init.d/redis
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Start and Stop redis
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
# redis端口号
REDISPORT=6379
# redis-server所在目录的绝对路径
EXEC=/usr/bin/redis-server
# redis-cli所在目录的绝对路径
REDIS_CLI=/usr/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis.pid
# redis.conf所在目录的绝对路径
CONF="/etc/redis.conf"
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed."
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF
fi
if [ "$?"="0" ]
then
echo "Redis is running..."
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is not running."
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping..."
$REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN
sleep 2
while [ -x $PIDFILE ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
restart|force-reload)
${0} stop
${0} start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
esac
- 测试开机启动文件
增加权限
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/redis
启动redis
/etc/init.d/redis start
# 启动成功会提示如下信息：
Starting Redis server...
Redis is running...
使用redis-cli测试：
redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set test abc
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get test
"abc"
127.0.0.1:6379> exit
设置开机自启动
chkconfig redis on
关机重启测试
reboot
然后在用redis-cli测试即可。也可进行远程连接。
ok!
- redis常用命令
重启redis 服务
sudo service redis restart
重载配置文件
sudo service redis force-reload
启动redis 服务
sudo service redis start
停止redis 服务
sudo service redis stop
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