Shiro入门（整合springboot）

Shiro入门

1. 概念

• Apache Shiro是一个java的安全（权限）框架，可以非常容易地开发出足够号地应用，其不仅可以用在JAVASE环境，也可以用在JAVAEE环境，可以完成认证、授权、加密、会话管理、web集成、缓存等；

• 三大组件

  • Subject：代表当前主体，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是subject；
  • SecurityManager：安全管理器，所有有关安全的操作均与此有关。是shiro核心，负责与其他组件交互；
  • Realm：Shiro 从 Realm 获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说 SecurityManager 要验证用户身份，那么它需要从 Realm 获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法，也需要从 Realm 得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作；

• 大概流程为，当用户前台登录发起请求时：

  1. 从shiro中获取subject主体；
     SecurityUtils.getSubject();

  2. 判断当前用户是否认证过了，如果认证过了就放行了；
     subject.isAuthenticated()

  3. 如果没有认证过，就把前台传递的账号密码封装为一个UserNamePasswordToken对象；
     new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);

  4. 把UserNamePasswordToken对象传入，进行登录操作；
     subject.login(usernamepasswordtoken);

  5. 我们配置的安全管理器中实现了doGetAuthenticationInfo方法，从数据库查询用户数据，加密加盐后进行shiro的认证；

  6. 如果认证成功，进行权限赋于；

  7. 根据配置shiro的真实过滤器跳转至登录成功页面或登录失败的页面；

2. 官方案例入门

（可粗略看下~）

1. 导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. resources配置文件：

   • log4j日志文件：

   log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
   
   log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
   log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
   log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n
   
   # General Apache libraries
   log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN
   
   # Spring
   log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN
   
   # Default Shiro logging
   log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO
   
   # Disable verbose logging
   log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
   log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN
   

   • shiro配置文件(shiro.ini)

   [users]
   # user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
   root = secret, admin
   # user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
   guest = guest, guest
   # user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
   # my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
   presidentskroob = 12345, president
   # user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
   darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
   # user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
   lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
   
   # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   # Roles with assigned permissions
   #
   # Each line conforms to the format defined in the
   # org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
   # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   [roles]
   # 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
   admin = *
   # The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
   schwartz = lightsaber:*
   # The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
   # license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
   goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5
   

3. 官方入门案例

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
        securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        //获取当前用户对象
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //通过当前用户拿到session
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }
        //判断当前的用户是否被认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            //Token 令牌
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);//设置记住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }
       //获得当前用户的认证
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }
        //粗粒度
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }
        //细粒度
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }
        //注销
        currentUser.logout();
        //结束
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

3. 整合springboot-mybatis-druid-thymeleaf

1. 导入依赖

    <!--mysql-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--lombok-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--log4j-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--druid-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--shiro-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--thymeleaf-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>

2. 实现shiro认证授权，先编写四个测试页面，包含首页，登录页，修改页和添加页，只有通过数据库认证通过的用户，在shiro的相应授权下才能进入修改页或添加页，没通过则进入提示页；
3. 项目目录：
   
4. 首先编写配置类，使用UserRealm、DefaultWebSecurityManager、ShiroFilterFactoryBean三个类分别实现链接数据，默认的安全管理器和过滤器；

package com.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //ShiroFilterFactoryBean（第三步）
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("manager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //设置安全管理器
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
        /*
        * anon:无需认证即可访问
        * authc:必须认证了才能访问
        * user:必须拥有‘记住我’功能才能使用
        * perms:拥有某个资源的权限才能使用
        * role:拥有某个角色权限才能使用
        * */
        //拦截
        Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //设置权限
        filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
        filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");
        //设置登录页面路径
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        return factoryBean;
    }
    //DefaultWebSecurityManager（第二步）
    @Bean(name = "manager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("realm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager webSecurityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //关联UserRealm
        webSecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return webSecurityManager;
    }
    //创建realm对象，需要自定义类(第一步)
    @Bean(name = "realm")
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

5. 在路由跳转中判断用户信息

package com.config;

import com.pojo.User;
import com.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        //拿到当前登录的用户信息
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //获取到的User是认证中的user
        User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();
        //授权
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());
        return info;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        //token类型转换
        UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
        //连接真实数据库
        User user = userService.queryUserByName(token.getUsername());
        if (user==null){
            return null;
        }
        //密码认证shiro做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getUser_pwd(),"");
    }
}

6. 编写realm类，实现认证和授权

package com.config;

import com.pojo.User;
import com.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        //拿到当前登录的用户信息
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //获取到的User是认证中的user
        User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();
        //授权
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());
        return info;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        //token类型转换
        UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
        //连接真实数据库
        User user = userService.queryUserByName(token.getUsername());
        if (user==null){
            return null;
        }
        //密码认证shiro做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getUser_pwd(),"");
    }
}

7. shiro整合thymeleaf

• 导入依赖

<!--shiro-thymeleaf-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

• 页面代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:shiro="http://www.pollix.at/thymeleaf/shiro">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>首页</h1>
    <p th:text="${msg}"></p>
    <!--登录成功就不显示了-->
    <p shiro:guest="true">
        <a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
    </p>
    <hr>
    <div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
    	<a th:href="@{/user/add}"/>add</a>
    </div>
    	<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}"/>update</a>
    </div>
</body>
</html>