#define MAX_ERRNO 4095
#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
#define IS_ERR_VALUE(x) unlikely((unsigned long)(void *)(x) >= (unsigned long)-MAX_ERRNO)
static inline void * __must_check ERR_PTR(long error)
{
return (void *) error;
}
static inline long __must_check PTR_ERR(__force const void *ptr)
{
return (long) ptr;
}
static inline bool __must_check IS_ERR(__force const void *ptr)
{
return IS_ERR_VALUE((unsigned long)ptr);
}
定义在kernel-4.9\include\linux\err.h中。
IS_ERR:判断所给的地址是否在最高4096个地址中。系统把最高的这部分地址留给了错误码,如果地址落在这部分,说明返回的地址是个错误码。
IS_ERR_VALUE中的(unsigned long)-MAX_ERRNO可以大致理解为一个补码的形式,故IS_ERR_VALUE判断是0xFFFFF001到0xFFFFFFFF的地址。
通常很常用的方法就是先用IS_ERR()来判断是否是错误,然后如果是,那么就调用PTR_ERR()将地址转换为错误代码。
0xFFFFFFFF地址对应错误码-1,后面以此类推。
ERR_PTR则是通过错误码求对应地址的一个宏,和上面类似-1对应0xFFFFFFFF,以此类推。
错误码的值在内存中的定义(asm-generic/errno-base.h):
#ifndef _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H
#define _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H
#define EPERM 1 /* Operation not permitted */
#define ENOENT 2 /* No such file or directory */
#define ESRCH 3 /* No such process */
#define EINTR 4 /* Interrupted system call */
#define EIO 5 /* I/O error */
#define ENXIO 6 /* No such device or address */
#define E2BIG 7 /* Argument list too long */
#define ENOEXEC 8 /* Exec format error */
#define EBADF 9 /* Bad file number */
#define ECHILD 10 /* No child processes */
#define EAGAIN 11 /* Try again */
#define ENOMEM 12 /* Out of memory */
#define EACCES 13 /* Permission denied */
#define EFAULT 14 /* Bad address */
#define ENOTBLK 15 /* Block device required */
#define EBUSY 16 /* Device or resource busy */
#define EEXIST 17 /* File exists */
#define EXDEV 18 /* Cross-device link */
#define ENODEV 19 /* No such device */
#define ENOTDIR 20 /* Not a directory */
#define EISDIR 21 /* Is a directory */
#define EINVAL 22 /* Invalid argument */
#define ENFILE 23 /* File table overflow */
#define EMFILE 24 /* Too many open files */
#define ENOTTY 25 /* Not a typewriter */
#define ETXTBSY 26 /* Text file busy */
#define EFBIG 27 /* File too large */
#define ENOSPC 28 /* No space left on device */
#define ESPIPE 29 /* Illegal seek */
#define EROFS 30 /* Read-only file system */
#define EMLINK 31 /* Too many links */
#define EPIPE 32 /* Broken pipe */
#define EDOM 33 /* Math argument out of domain of func */
#define ERANGE 34 /* Math result not representable */
#endif