python3.70安装教程_安装Python3.70

第1章 Centos7安装Python3.7

1.1 Centos7默认自带Python2.7，可安装Python3与Python2共存。

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# python -V

Python 2.7.5

1.2 安装编译相关工具

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# yum install wget libffi-devel –y

1.3 下载Python安装包并解压

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]#  cd /server/tools/

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# tar xf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz

1.4 编译安装

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# mkdir /usr/local/python3

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# cd Python-3.7.0

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# make && make install

1.5 设置环境变量

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]# ehco 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin/' >> /etc/profile

[root@aus-python-node01 /server/tools]#  source /etc/profile

1.6 添加软链接[设置了环境变量可以跳过这一步]

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]#  #添加python3的软链接

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]#  ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

1.7 验证安装情况

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# #测试是否安装成功了

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# python -V

Python 2.7.5

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# python3 -V

Python 3.7.0

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# pip3 -V

pip 10.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]#

注：python2.7以下没有pip工具，安装办法。

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# yum provides  pip #查询属于哪个包组

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

CentOS-Base/filelists_db                                                        | 3.2 MB  00:00:00

epel/x86_64/filelists_db                                                        |  11 MB  00:00:10

extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                    | 246 kB  00:00:00

updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                   | 4.6 MB  00:00:04

python2-pip-8.1.2-8.el7.noarch : A tool for installing and managing Python 2 packages

Repo        : epel

Matched from:

Filename    : /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip

python2-pip-8.1.2-8.el7.noarch : A tool for installing and managing Python 2 packages

Repo        : epel

Matched from:

Filename    : /usr/bin/pip

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# yum install -y python2-pip

[root@aus-python-node01 ~]# pip -V

pip 8.1.2 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (python 2.7)

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