kubernetes pod日志查看用户创建

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已于 2023-10-11 11:41:40 修改

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分类专栏： kubernetes学习专栏文章标签： kubernetes 容器云原生

于 2023-10-10 19:07:14 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_38367535/article/details/133753576

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1.创建用户

1.1证书创建

进入证书目录
# cd /etc/kubernetes/pki

创建key
# openssl genrsa -out user1.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.....................................................+++
........+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

创建csr
# openssl req -new -key user1.key -out user1.csr -subj "/CN=user1"

查看创建结果
# ll
total 72
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1310 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1155 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver-etcd-client.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver-etcd-client.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1164 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver-kubelet-client.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 12 14:52 apiserver-kubelet-client.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1099 Jun 12 14:52 ca.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 12 14:52 ca.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   17 Oct 10 18:07 ca.srl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 12 14:52 etcd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1115 Jun 12 14:52 front-proxy-ca.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 12 14:52 front-proxy-ca.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1119 Jun 12 14:52 front-proxy-client.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jun 12 14:52 front-proxy-client.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jun 12 14:52 sa.key
-rw------- 1 root root  451 Jun 12 14:52 sa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  883 Oct 10 18:27 user1.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 Oct 10 18:26 user1.key

修改权限
# chmod 600 user1.key

使用集群证书签发

# openssl x509 -req -in user1.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out user1.crt -days 1095

Signature ok
subject=/CN=user1
Getting CA Private Key

查看签发的证书

# openssl x509 -in user1.crt -text -noout

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 1 (0x0)
        Serial Number:
            fc:aa:fd:55:13:43:c3:62
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: CN=kubernetes
        Validity
            Not Before: Oct 10 10:30:34 2023 GMT
            Not After : Oct  9 10:30:34 2026 GMT
        Subject: CN=user1
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:d8:c0:f2:4c:35:42:32:97:12:0f:c1:c2:0f:16:
                    ........篇幅省略
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         8d:92:df:d1:53:cf:0c:e6:97:10:cc:53:37:16:01:0c:69:c3:
         ......篇幅省略

1.2创建用户

# kubectl config set-credentials user1 --client-certificate=./user1.crt --client-key=./user1.key --embed-certs=true

User "user1" set.

1.3允许用户登陆

# kubectl config set-context user1@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=user1

Context "user1@kubernetes" created.

查看集群信息

# kubectl config view

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: DATA+OMITTED
    server: https://master01:6443
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: kubernetes-admin
  name: kubernetes-admin@kubernetes
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: user1
  name: user1@kubernetes
current-context: kubernetes-admin@kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: kubernetes-admin
  user:
    client-certificate-data: DATA+OMITTED
    client-key-data: DATA+OMITTED
- name: user1
  user:
    client-certificate-data: DATA+OMITTED
    client-key-data: DATA+OMITTED

可以看到user1已经存在并可以登陆

1.4切换用户

# kubectl config use-context user1@kubernetes

Switched to context "user1@kubernetes".

但此时用户没有任何权限，需要配置rbac

# kubectl get pod

Error from server (Forbidden): pods is forbidden: User "user1" cannot list resource "pods" in API group "" in the namespace "default"

1.5删除用户

# kubectl config delete-context user1@kubernetes

deleted context user1@kubernetes from /root/.kube/config

# kubectl config unset users.user1

Property "users.user1" unset.

2.RBAC

2.1允许user1用户查看pod日志

# cat user1_pod_get.yaml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  namespace: default
  name: pod-log-reader
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["pods", "pods/log"]
  verbs: ["get", "list"]  # 允许 "user1" 用户获取和列出 Pod 以及日志
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: pod-log-reader-binding
  namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: User
  name: user1  # 这里的 "user1" 是您之前创建的用户名称
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: pod-log-reader
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

再次使用user1用户就可以查看pod和日志了

# kubectl get pod -n default

# kubectl logs -f pod/free-study-questionnaire-5c7f8c878d-859wl

3.使用用户

默认需要切换，但给开发人员或者相关人员时他们是不需要切换的，所以需要配置kubectl

首先需要按照kubectl命令

安装完成后有几种方式配置：

1、拷贝创建当初创建用户的kubectl命令所在服务器下的'$HOME/.kube/config'到新kubectl命令所在服务器的'$HOME/.kube/config'，然后删除admin和其他不需要的用户后即可

2、手动编写

需要拷贝ca.crt、user1.crt、user1.key到新kubectl服务器

编写如下文件

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority: ca.crt
    server: https://master01:6443
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: user1
  name: user1@kubernetes
current-context: user1@kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: user1
  user:
    client-certificate: user1.crt
    client-key: user1.key

如果将该文件名称定义为 config，则可以直接使用kubectl命令进行操作

如果改名称为其他，如 user1.yaml，则使用命令需要指定文件

kubectl --kubeconfig=$HOME/.kube/user1.yaml get pods

当然你可以有多个yaml，放在任何目录下，就可以操作多个环境