html2canvas的使用方法,html2Canvas使用总结

需要将一个背景图+动态获取的文字+微信头像拼接成一张图片,用户可长按保存最终图片,难免就是要将html转换成图片。

最初想要自己用canvas画,但是略麻烦,后来发现了html2canvas这个插件,先将html转成canvas,再生成图片。

使用起来也很简单:

setTimeout(function () {

html2canvas($('#img_html')[0]).then(function (canvas) {

var img = new Image()

img.src = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg')

img.style.cssText += 'position:absolute;width:100%;left:0;top:0;'

$('#result').append(img)

})

}, 1000)

但是踩坑不少,罗列如下:

因为html是动态生成的,所以最好加上setTimeout延时转换成canvas,不然可能html的dom元素还没加载完。

canvas.toDataURl()该方法是将canvas转成图片,如果html中有跨域请求的图片资源,那么canvas就会报错不支持跨域。所以只好将微信头像先上传到服务器的文件系统,请求图片时,带上允许跨域的响应头:Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

要转换成图片的 html,其css样式要有几点注意:

亲测不能使用rem为单位定义文字大小、元素宽高等,不然无法显示该元素

不能添加background,假如设置背景颜色为红色或者一张背景图,莫名其妙会多出一个元素,如下所示:

e2a8a511c315

原始html

e2a8a511c315

生成的图片

4.canvas.toDataURl()生成的图片是base64的格式data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQ...,可以直接作为img标签的src。

但是由于是小程序内嵌H5,且图片资源过大,在某些机型(常见Ios)的微信小程序里面会限流。当生成图片,准备渲染的时候,微信要么会直接白屏,要么就是会弹框提醒:该小程序继续运行会影响微信的使用,强制退出该小程序。

解决方法

function dataURLtoBlob (data_url) {

let arr = data_url.split(',')

let mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1]

let bstr = atob(arr[1])

let n = bstr.length

let u8arr = new Uint8Array(n)

let blob = false

while (n--) {

u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n)

}

try {

blob = new Blob([u8arr], { type: mime })

} catch (e) {}

return blob

}

如上所示,可将base64转成二进制流,资源会减小1到1.5倍。

不过在某些安卓国产机型上,不支持长按保存该二进制流图片,所以可以设置仅Ios上转换为二进制图片。

JavaScript HTML renderer The script allows you to take "screenshots" of webpages or parts of it, directly on the users browser. The screenshot is based on the DOM and as such may not be 100% accurate to the real representation as it does not make an actual screenshot, but builds the screenshot based on the information available on the page. How does it work? The script renders the current page as a canvas image, by reading the DOM and the different styles applied to the elements. It does not require any rendering from the server, as the whole image is created on the clients browser. However, as it is heavily dependent on the browser, this library is not suitable to be used in nodejs. It doesn't magically circumvent any browser content policy restrictions either, so rendering cross-origin content will require a proxy to get the content to the same origin. The script is still in a very experimental state, so I don't recommend using it in a production environment nor start building applications with it yet, as there will be still major changes made. Browser compatibility The script should work fine on the following browsers: Firefox 3.5+ Google Chrome Opera 12+ IE9+ Safari 6+ As each CSS property needs to be manually built to be supported, there are a number of properties that are not yet supported. Usage Note! These instructions are for using the current dev version of 0.5, for the latest release version (0.4.1), checkout the old readme. To render an element with html2canvas, simply call: html2canvas(element[, options]); The function returns a Promise containing the <canvas> element. Simply add a promise fullfillment handler to the promise using then: html2canvas(document.body).then(function(canvas) { document.body.appendChild(canvas); }); Building The library uses grunt for building. Alternatively, you can download the latest build from here. Clone git repository with submodules: $ git clone --recursive git://github.com/niklasvh/html2canvas.git Install Grunt and uglifyjs: $ npm install -g grunt-cli uglify-js Run the full build process (including lint, qunit and webdriver tests): $ grunt Skip lint and tests and simply build from source: $ grunt build Running tests The library has two sets of tests. The first set is a number of qunit tests that check that different values parsed by browsers are correctly converted in html2canvas. To run these tests with grunt you'll need phantomjs. The other set of tests run Firefox, Chrome and Internet Explorer with webdriver. The selenium standalone server (runs on Java) is required for these tests and can be downloaded from here. They capture an actual screenshot from the test pages and compare the image to the screenshot created by html2canvas and calculate the percentage differences. These tests generally aren't expected to provide 100% matches, but while commiting changes, these should generally not go decrease from the baseline values. Start by downloading the dependencies: $ npm install Run qunit tests: $ grunt test Examples For more information and examples, please visit the homepage or try the test console. Contributing If you wish to contribute to the project, please send the pull requests to the develop branch. Before submitting any changes, try and test that the changes work with all the support browsers. If some CSS property isn't supported or is incomplete, please create appropriate tests for it as well before submitting any code changes.
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