12.7. question/answer 问答

本文通过一首经典童谣探讨了男孩和女孩的传统象征意义。据童谣所述,小男孩由snips, snails和puppy dog tails构成,而小女孩则由sugar, spice以及一切美好的事物组成。这篇文章是对传统性别观念的一种趣味解读。
		
<qandaset>
	<qandaentry>
		<question>
			<para>What are little boys made of?</para>
		</question>
		<answer>
			<para>Snips and snails and puppy dog tails.</para>
		</answer>
	</qandaentry>
	<qandaentry>
		<question>
			<para>What are little girls made of?</para>
		</question>
		<answer>
			<para>Sugar and spice and everything nice.</para>
		</answer>
	</qandaentry>
</qandaset>
		
		
12.7.1. What are little boys made of? 12.7.2. What are little girls made of?

12.7.1.

What are little boys made of?

Snips and snails and puppy dog tails.

12.7.2.

What are little girls made of?

Sugar and spice and everything nice.





原文出处:Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者:陈景峯
转载请与作者联系,同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。

Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtalloc2 amd64 2.3.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [29.6 kB] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtevent0 amd64 0.11.0-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [36.2 kB] Ign:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwbclient0 amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 poppler-data all 0.4.9-2 [1475 kB] Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common-data amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 Ign:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-client3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 Ign:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libcups2 amd64 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.2 Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libjansson4 amd64 2.12-1build1 [28.9 kB] Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libldb2 amd64 2:2.4.4-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [143 kB] Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-ldb amd64 2:2.4.4-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 [38.2 kB] Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3-talloc amd64 2.3.3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 [12.2 kB] Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba-libs amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 Ign:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libsmbclient amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 hicolor-icon-theme all 0.17-2 [9976 B] Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libjpeg-turbo8 amd64 2.0.3-0ubuntu1.20.04.3 [118 kB] Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libjpeg8 amd64 8c-2ubuntu8 [2194 B] Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libjbig0 amd64 2.1-3.1ubuntu0.20.04.1 [27.3 kB] Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwebp6 amd64 0.6.1-2ubuntu0.20.04.2 Ign:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtiff5 amd64 4.1.0+git191117-2ubuntu0.20.04.8 Ign:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common all 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 amd64 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 Err:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gtk-update-icon-cache amd64 3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpixman-1-0 amd64 0.38.4-0ubuntu2.1 [227 kB] Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxcb-render0 amd64 1.14-2 [14.8 kB] Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcairo2 amd64 1.16.0-4ubuntu1 [583 kB] Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcairo-gobject2 amd64 1.16.0-4ubuntu1 [17.2 kB] Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 fontconfig amd64 2.13.1-2ubuntu3 [171 kB] Get:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgraphite2-3 amd64 1.3.13-11build1 [73.5 kB] Ign:30 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libharfbuzz0b amd64 2.6.4-1ubuntu4.2 Get:31 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libthai-data all 0.1.28-3 [134 kB] Get:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdatrie1 amd64 0.2.12-3 [18.7 kB] Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libthai0 amd64 0.1.28-3 [18.1 kB] Get:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libpango-1.0-0 amd64 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 [162 kB] Get:35 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libpangoft2-1.0-0 amd64 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 [34.9 kB] Get:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libpangocairo-1.0-0 amd64 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 [24.8 kB] Err:37 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 librsvg2-2 amd64 2.48.9-1ubuntu0.20.04.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 librsvg2-common amd64 2.48.9-1ubuntu0.20.04.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Get:39 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 humanity-icon-theme all 0.6.15 [1250 kB] Get:40 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 ubuntu-mono all 19.04-0ubuntu3 [147 kB] Get:41 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 adwaita-icon-theme all 3.36.1-2ubuntu0.20.04.2 [3441 kB] Get:42 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libatspi2.0-0 amd64 2.36.0-2 [64.2 kB] Get:43 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 at-spi2-core amd64 2.36.0-2 [48.7 kB] Get:44 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 bubblewrap amd64 0.4.0-1ubuntu4 [35.4 kB] Get:45 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 desktop-file-utils amd64 0.24-1ubuntu3 [50.6 kB] Get:46 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgck-1-0 amd64 3.36.0-2build1 [75.5 kB] Get:47 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgcr-base-3-1 amd64 3.36.0-2build1 [193 kB] Get:48 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libatk1.0-data all 2.35.1-1ubuntu2 [2964 B] Get:49 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libatk1.0-0 amd64 2.35.1-1ubuntu2 [45.5 kB] Get:50 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libatk-bridge2.0-0 amd64 2.34.2-0ubuntu2~20.04.1 [58.2 kB] Get:51 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 liblcms2-2 amd64 2.9-4 [140 kB] Get:52 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcolord2 amd64 1.4.4-2 [133 kB] Get:53 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libepoxy0 amd64 1.5.4-1 [191 kB] Err:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwbclient0 amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Get:54 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libsoup-gnome2.4-1 amd64 2.70.0-1 [6136 B] Get:55 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 librest-0.7-0 amd64 0.8.1-1 [32.2 kB] Get:56 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwayland-cursor0 amd64 1.18.0-1ubuntu0.1 [10.3 kB] Get:57 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwayland-egl1 amd64 1.18.0-1ubuntu0.1 [5596 B] Get:58 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxcursor1 amd64 1:1.2.0-2 [20.1 kB] Get:59 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxdamage1 amd64 1:1.1.5-2 [6996 B] Get:60 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxkbcommon0 amd64 0.10.0-1 [98.4 kB] Err:61 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgtk-3-common all 3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:62 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgtk-3-0 amd64 3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Get:63 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgcr-ui-3-1 amd64 3.36.0-2build1 [127 kB] Get:64 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 gcr amd64 3.36.0-2build1 [63.9 kB] Get:65 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gnome-desktop3-data all 3.36.8-0ubuntu1 [21.7 kB] Get:66 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 p11-kit-modules amd64 0.23.20-1ubuntu0.1 [231 kB] Get:67 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 p11-kit amd64 0.23.20-1ubuntu0.1 [93.8 kB] Get:68 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libsecret-common all 0.20.4-0ubuntu1 [3940 B] Get:69 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libsecret-1-0 amd64 0.20.4-0ubuntu1 [110 kB] Get:70 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 pinentry-gnome3 amd64 1.1.0-3build1 [38.6 kB] Get:71 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 gnome-keyring amd64 3.36.0-1ubuntu1 [613 kB] Get:72 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 gnome-keyring-pkcs11 amd64 3.36.0-1ubuntu1 [28.0 kB] Get:73 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcdparanoia0 amd64 3.10.2+debian-13 [46.7 kB] Get:74 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 liborc-0.4-0 amd64 1:0.4.31-1 [188 kB] Ign:75 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 amd64 1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1 Get:76 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libopus0 amd64 1.3.1-0ubuntu1 [191 kB] Get:77 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libtheora0 amd64 1.1.1+dfsg.1-15ubuntu2 [162 kB] Get:78 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libvisual-0.4-0 amd64 0.4.0-17 [99.8 kB] Ign:79 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base amd64 1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1 Get:80 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gvfs-common all 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.2 [20.1 kB] Get:81 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gvfs-libs amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.2 [97.5 kB] Get:82 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gvfs-daemons amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.2 [118 kB] Get:83 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gvfs amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.2 [115 kB] Ign:84 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-glib1 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 Get:85 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcdio18 amd64 2.0.0-2 [58.6 kB] Get:86 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcdio-cdda2 amd64 10.2+2.0.0-1 [17.6 kB] Get:87 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcdio-paranoia2 amd64 10.2+2.0.0-1 [16.2 kB] Get:88 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgoa-1.0-common all 3.36.1-0ubuntu1 [3752 B] Get:89 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgoa-1.0-0b amd64 3.36.1-0ubuntu1 [63.4 kB] Get:90 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgdata-common all 0.17.12-1 [3392 B] Get:91 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgdata22 amd64 0.17.12-1 [268 kB] Get:92 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libexif12 amd64 0.6.21-6ubuntu0.4 [78.6 kB] Ign:93 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgd3 amd64 2.2.5-5.2ubuntu2.1 Get:94 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgphoto2-port12 amd64 2.5.25-0ubuntu0.1 [51.8 kB] Get:95 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgphoto2-6 amd64 2.5.25-0ubuntu0.1 [653 kB] Get:96 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libplist3 amd64 2.1.0-4build2 [31.6 kB] Get:97 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libusbmuxd6 amd64 2.0.1-2 [19.1 kB] Get:98 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libimobiledevice6 amd64 1.2.1~git20191129.9f79242-1build1 [65.2 kB] Get:99 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libmtp-common all 1.1.17-3 [27.8 kB] Get:100 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libmtp9 amd64 1.1.17-3 [163 kB] Get:101 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnfs13 amd64 4.0.0-1 [95.1 kB] Get:102 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gvfs-backends amd64 1.44.1-1ubuntu1.2 [343 kB] Get:103 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcue2 amd64 2.2.1-2 [19.8 kB] Get:104 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdbusmenu-glib4 amd64 16.04.1+18.10.20180917-0ubuntu6 [41.2 kB] Get:105 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libdee-1.0-4 amd64 1.2.7+17.10.20170616-4ubuntu6 [130 kB] Get:106 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libexempi8 amd64 2.5.1-1ubuntu0.1 [529 kB] Get:107 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libexiv2-27 amd64 0.27.2-8ubuntu2.7 [792 kB] Ign:108 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin amd64 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 Get:109 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgexiv2-2 amd64 0.12.0-2 [51.0 kB] Get:110 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgif7 amd64 5.1.9-1 [32.2 kB] Get:111 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgnome-autoar-0-0 amd64 0.2.3-2ubuntu0.4 [26.6 kB] Get:112 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgnome-desktop-3-19 amd64 3.36.8-0ubuntu1 [115 kB] Get:113 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgphoto2-l10n all 2.5.25-0ubuntu0.1 [12.2 kB] Get:114 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgsf-1-common all 1.14.46-1 [12.7 kB] Get:115 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgsf-1-114 amd64 1.14.46-1 [98.3 kB] Err:116 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgtk-3-bin amd64 3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Get:117 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libgxps2 amd64 0.3.1-1 [53.5 kB] Get:118 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libmtp-runtime amd64 1.1.17-3 [5912 B] Get:119 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libnautilus-extension1a amd64 1:3.36.3-0ubuntu1.20.04.2 [15.3 kB] Get:120 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libpam-gnome-keyring amd64 3.36.0-1ubuntu1 [23.3 kB] Ign:121 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libopenjp2-7 amd64 2.3.1-1ubuntu4.20.04.1 Ign:122 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpoppler97 amd64 0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1 Ign:123 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpoppler-glib8 amd64 0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1 Get:124 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libtotem-plparser-common all 3.26.5-1ubuntu1 [3496 B] Get:125 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libtotem-plparser18 amd64 3.26.5-1ubuntu1 [60.5 kB] Get:126 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtracker-sparql-2.0-0 amd64 2.3.6-0ubuntu1 [251 kB] Get:127 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtracker-control-2.0-0 amd64 2.3.6-0ubuntu1 [17.0 kB] Get:128 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtracker-miner-2.0-0 amd64 2.3.6-0ubuntu1 [73.6 kB] Get:129 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libunity-protocol-private0 amd64 7.1.4+19.04.20190319-0ubuntu3 [80.0 kB] Get:130 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop all 7.1.4+19.04.20190319-0ubuntu3 [3388 B] Get:131 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libunity9 amd64 7.1.4+19.04.20190319-0ubuntu3 [203 kB] Get:132 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libupower-glib3 amd64 0.99.11-1build2 [43.2 kB] Get:133 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 nautilus-data all 1:3.36.3-0ubuntu1.20.04.2 [10.9 kB] Get:134 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 tracker amd64 2.3.6-0ubuntu1 [272 kB] Err:135 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 tracker-extract amd64 2.3.3-2ubuntu0.20.04.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:136 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 tracker-miner-fs amd64 2.3.3-2ubuntu0.20.04.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Get:137 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 nautilus amd64 1:3.36.3-0ubuntu1.20.04.2 [600 kB] Get:138 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 upower amd64 0.99.11-1build2 [104 kB] Get:139 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 usbmuxd amd64 1.1.1~git20191130.9af2b12-1 [38.4 kB] Err:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common-data amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-common3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-client3 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libcups2 amd64 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:13 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 samba-libs amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libsmbclient amd64 2:4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:19 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libwebp6 amd64 0.6.1-2ubuntu0.20.04.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtiff5 amd64 4.1.0+git191117-2ubuntu0.20.04.8 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:21 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common all 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:22 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 amd64 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:30 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libharfbuzz0b amd64 2.6.4-1ubuntu4.2 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] Err:75 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 amd64 1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:79 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base amd64 1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:84 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libavahi-glib1 amd64 0.7-4ubuntu7.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:93 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgd3 amd64 2.2.5-5.2ubuntu2.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:108 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin amd64 2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:121 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libopenjp2-7 amd64 2.3.1-1ubuntu4.20.04.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:122 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpoppler97 amd64 0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Err:123 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpoppler-glib8 amd64 0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] Fetched 17.5 MB in 5min 24s (53.9 kB/s) E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/samba/libwbclient0_4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/avahi/libavahi-common-data_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/avahi/libavahi-common3_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/avahi/libavahi-client3_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/c/cups/libcups2_2.3.1-9ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/samba/samba-libs_4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/samba/libsmbclient_4.15.13+dfsg-0ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libw/libwebp/libwebp6_0.6.1-2ubuntu0.20.04.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tiff/libtiff5_4.1.0+git191117-2ubuntu0.20.04.8_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gdk-pixbuf/libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common_2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4_all.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gdk-pixbuf/libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0_2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gtk+3.0/gtk-update-icon-cache_3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/h/harfbuzz/libharfbuzz0b_2.6.4-1ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libr/librsvg/librsvg2-2_2.48.9-1ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libr/librsvg/librsvg2-common_2.48.9-1ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.81 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gtk+3.0/libgtk-3-common_3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1_all.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gtk+3.0/libgtk-3-0_3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gst-plugins-base1.0/libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0_1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gst-plugins-base1.0/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.16.3-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/avahi/libavahi-glib1_0.7-4ubuntu7.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libg/libgd2/libgd3_2.2.5-5.2ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gdk-pixbuf/libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin_2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gtk+3.0/libgtk-3-bin_3.24.20-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openjpeg2/libopenjp2-7_2.3.1-1ubuntu4.20.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/poppler/libpoppler97_0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/poppler/libpoppler-glib8_0.86.1-0ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tracker-miners/tracker-extract_2.3.3-2ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tracker-miners/tracker-miner-fs_2.3.3-2ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.82 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? ubuntu_user@kk:~$ natilus Command 'natilus' not found, did you mean: command 'nautilus' from deb nautilus (1:3.36.3-0ubuntu1.20.04.2) Try: sudo apt install <deb name> ubuntu_user@kk:~$ nautilus Command 'nautilus' not found, but can be installed with: sudo apt install nautilus ubuntu_user@kk:~$ nautilus Command 'nautilus' not found, but can be installed with: sudo apt install nautilus ubuntu_user@kk:~$
09-06
<think> 我们面对的是两个相互关联的问题: 1. Ubuntu系统更新软件包时出现大量404 Not Found错误 2. nautilus命令无法执行(可能是由于安装不完整或损坏导致的) 根据经验,404错误通常源于软件源配置问题(如源地址失效、系统版本与源不匹配等),而nautilus无法执行则可能是由于之前安装中断或依赖未完全安装所致。 以下是系统化的解决方案: ### 步骤1:修复软件源配置(解决404错误) 404错误意味着软件包索引文件无法从服务器下载。请按顺序执行以下操作: 1. **更新软件包列表**(尝试刷新缓存): ```bash sudo apt update ``` 观察输出,记录返回404的源地址(例如:`http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu ... 404 Not Found`) 2. **切换软件源镜像**: - 备份当前源列表: ```bash sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak ``` - 使用`sed`命令批量替换失效域名(例如将`old-releases.ubuntu.com`替换为`archive.ubuntu.com`): ```bash sudo sed -i 's/old-releases.ubuntu.com/archive.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list ``` 或使用图形化工具修改: ```bash sudo software-properties-gtk ``` 在弹出的窗口中: - 选择“Ubuntu软件”选项卡 - 将“下载自”改为其他镜像服务器(如中国的阿里云镜像`http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu`)[^1] 3. **清理无效缓存**: ```bash sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* sudo apt clean ``` 4. **重新更新软件包列表**: ```bash sudo apt update ``` 此时应不再出现404错误。如果仍有错误,请检查`/etc/apt/sources.list.d/`目录下的额外源文件,并移除或编辑其中失效的源。 ### 步骤2:修复nautilus安装(解决命令无法执行) 在确保软件源正常后: 1. **重新安装nautilus**: ```bash sudo apt install --reinstall nautilus ``` 此操作会覆盖现有文件并补充缺失依赖。 2. **如仍无法运行**,强制修复依赖: ```bash sudo apt install -f # 修复损坏的依赖链 sudo dpkg --configure -a # 完成未完成的配置 ``` 3. **验证安装**: ```bash which nautilus # 应返回/usr/bin/nautilus nautilus --version # 应显示版本号(如GNOME nautilus 42.6) ``` ### 步骤3:深度清理(可选) 如果问题持续存在,执行以下操作: ```bash sudo apt autoremove # 卸载无用包 sudo apt dist-upgrade # 处理有冲突的更新 ``` ### 关键原理说明 - **404错误根源**:Ubuntu版本停止维护后,官方会将软件包移至`old-releases`目录,而用户源若未同步更新则会导致404[^2]。 - **nautilus失效**:通常因更新中断或依赖包未安装完整所致。重新安装会触发`apt`的依赖解析机制。 > **注意**:操作前建议备份重要数据。若系统版本过于陈旧(如Ubuntu 16.04以下),请考虑升级系统。 --- ### §§ 相关问题 §§ 1. 如何查看当前Ubuntu版本的生命周期状态? 2. 更换软件源后仍然出现404错误怎么办? 3. 除了nautilus,还有哪些方法可以恢复Ubuntu的图形界面文件管理? </think> 以下是针对Ubuntu系统更新出现404错误及`nautilus`无法执行的完整解决方案,请按顺序操作: --- ### 一、修复软件源404错误(核心步骤) #### 1. **更新软件源镜像** ```bash sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list # 替换为阿里云源 sudo sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list ``` > 国内用户推荐使用阿里云/清华源加速访问[^1] #### 2. **清理无效缓存** ```bash sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # 删除损坏的索引 sudo apt clean # 清除下载缓存 ``` #### 3. **更新软件包列表** ```bash sudo apt update --fix-missing # 强制修复缺失索引 ``` - 若仍有404错误,检查特定失效源: ```bash grep -r "404" /var/log/apt/term.log # 定位具体失效URL ``` - 手动注释失效源(编辑`/etc/apt/sources.list`) --- ### 二、修复nautilus无法执行问题 #### 1. **重装nautilus及依赖** ```bash sudo apt install --reinstall nautilus* # 重装主程序 sudo apt install -f # 修复依赖关系 ``` > 此操作会补充缺失的GNOME组件库(如`libnautilus-extension`) #### 2. **验证安装完整性** ```bash dpkg -L nautilus | grep bin/nautilus # 确认可执行文件路径 /usr/bin/nautilus --version # 直接调用测试 ``` - 预期输出:`GNOME nautilus 版本号` #### 3. **重建桌面索引** ```bash nautilus -q # 关闭现有进程 tracker reset -r # 重置文件索引 ``` --- ### 三、系统级修复(前序无效时) #### 1. **深度清理并更新** ```bash sudo dpkg --configure -a # 修复中断的安装 sudo apt full-upgrade # 完整系统更新 ``` #### 2. **检查磁盘状态** ```bash sudo fsck /dev/sda1 # 替换为实际分区 sudo journalctl -p 3 -xb # 查看系统级错误 ``` #### 3. **核验系统版本兼容性** ```bash lsb_release -a # 查看系统版本 apt-cache policy nautilus # 检查软件包适用版本 ``` > 老旧系统需升级Ubuntu版本(如20.04→22.04) --- ### 关键原理说明 1. **404错误**:软件源地址失效或本地索引损坏,需替换镜像源[^2] 2. **nautilus失效**:依赖链断裂(常见于不完整更新或强制中断安装) 3. 深度修复命令`apt -f install`会自动补全缺失依赖,其数学表示为: $$ \text{修复操作} = \sum_{\text{缺失包}p \in D} \int_{\text{仓库}} p \, d\text{index} $$ 其中 $D$ 为依赖集合 --- ###
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