EXIT_FAILURE AND EXIT_SUCCESS

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-09 22:06:54 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-09-09 22:06:54 发布 · 84 阅读

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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/invictuslee/blog/262557

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#c/c++ #python

本文探讨了C/C++程序中用于指示成功或失败的标准返回值。详细解释了EXIT_FAILURE和EXIT_SUCCESS宏的作用及其使用场景，并讨论了在不同情况下如何选择适当的返回值来确保程序的便携性和一致性。

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EXIT_FAILURE, either in a return statement in main or as an argument to exit(), is the only portable way to indicate failure in a C or C++ program. exit(1) can actually signal successful termination on VMS, for example.

If you're going to be using EXIT_FAILURE when your program fails, then you might as well use EXIT_SUCCESS when it succeeds, just for the sake of symmetry.

On the other hand, if the program never signals failure, you can use either 0 or EXIT_SUCCESS. Both are guaranteed by the standard to signal successful completion. (It's barely possible that EXIT_SUCCESS could have a value other than 0, but it's equal to 0 on every implementation I've ever heard of.)

Using 0 has the minor advantage that you don't need #include <stdlib.h> in C, or #include <cstdlib> in C++ (if you're using a return statement rather than calling exit()) -- but for a program of any significant size you're going to be including stdlib directly or indirectly anyway.

For that matter, in C starting with the 1999 standard, and in all versions of C++, reaching the end of main() does an implicit return 0; anyway, so you might not need to use either 0 or EXIT_SUCCESS explicitly. (But at least in C, I consider an explicit return 0; to be better style.)

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/invictuslee/blog/262557