JavaWeb之邮件发送

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-09 09:10:31 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-09-09 09:10:31 发布 · 64 阅读

文章标签：

#java #xhtml #web.xml

1.JavaMail组件

JavaMail下载：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javamail/index-138643.html?ssSourceSiteId=ocomen

核心的类和接口：

javax.mail.Session
javax.mail.Message
javax.mail.Address
javax.mail.Authenticator
javax.mail.Transport
javax.mail.Store
javax.mail.Folder

2.简单代码实例

前提是电脑安装了邮件客户端

package com.v512;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

public class SendMail {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        Properties props =new Properties();
        Session session =Session.getInstance(props,null);
        props.put("mail.host", "127.0.0.1");
        props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
        
        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
        try {
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("liuwei8809@163.com"));
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("zhangliguo_china@sina.com"));
            message.setSubject("你好吗？");
            message.setText("JavaMail发送邮件测试。");
            Transport.send(message);
        } catch (AddressException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

3.使用其他的邮件服务器

大型的网站一般都会提供邮件服务器，例如新浪，搜狐，网易等等

使用Apache Commons 中的 Email组件，下载地址：http://commons.apache.org/email/download_email.cgi

使用这个组件可以比较轻松地实现邮件的发送

4.带附件的邮件发送实例

步骤一：编写页面

发送邮件页面：sendAttachmentMail.jsp

<%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>发送邮件</title>
</head>

<body>
<p align="center">发送邮件的程序</p>
<form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/sendAttachmentMail" 
  enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <table width="516" height="253" border="0" align="center">
    <tr>
      <td>收件人：</td>
      <td><label>
        <input type="text" name="to" id="to" />
      </label></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>发件人：</td>
      <td><label>
        <input type="text" name="from" id="from" />
      </label></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>主题：</td>
      <td><label>
        <input type="text" name="subject" id="subject" />
      </label></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>选择附件：</td>
      <td><label>
        <input type="file" name="attachment" id="file" />
      </label></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>内容：</td>
      <td><label>
        <textarea name="content" id="content" cols="45" rows="8"></textarea>
      </label></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><label>
        <input type="submit" name="button" id="button" value="提交" />
      </label></td>
      <td><label>
        <input type="reset" name="button2" id="button2" value="重置" />
      </label></td>
    </tr>
  </table>
</form>
<p align="center">&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp; </p>
</body>

</html>

显示发送结果的页面：

<%@ page language="java"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
       
    <title>display upload result</title>

  </head>
  
  <body> 
    <center>
    <p> ${requestScope['sendmail.message'] }</p>
    </center>
  </body>
</html>

步骤二：邮件发送的处理：sendAttachmentMailServlet

package com.v512;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailAttachment;
import org.apache.commons.mail.EmailException;
import org.apache.commons.mail.MultiPartEmail;

public class SendAttachmentMailServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1408700020471642036L;
    private ServletContext sc;
    private String savePath;
    private Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);

    }
    
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        File file = this.doAttachment(request);

        MultiPartEmail email = new MultiPartEmail();
        email.setCharset("UTF-8");

email.setHostName("smtp.sina.com"); email.setAuthentication("web08", "web2008"); //特别注意这里！！！！设置邮件服务器和身份的验证

        try {
            email.addTo(parameters.get("to"));
            email.setFrom(parameters.get("from"));
            email.setSubject(parameters.get("subject"));
            email.setMsg(parameters.get("content"));
            if (file != null) {
                EmailAttachment attachment = new EmailAttachment();
                attachment.setPath(file.getPath());
                attachment.setDisposition(EmailAttachment.ATTACHMENT);
                attachment.setName(file.getName());
                email.attach(attachment);
            }
            email.send();
            request.setAttribute("sendmail.message", "邮件发送成功！");
        } catch (EmailException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            request.setAttribute("sendmail.message", "邮件发送不成功！");
        }

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/sendResult.jsp").forward(request,
                response);

    }

    public File doAttachment(HttpServletRequest request)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        File file = null;
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        try {
            List items = upload.parseRequest(request);
            Iterator it = items.iterator();
            while (it.hasNext()) {
                FileItem item = (FileItem) it.next();
                if (item.isFormField()) {
                    parameters
                            .put(item.getFieldName(), item.getString("UTF-8"));
                } else {
                    if (item.getName() != null && !item.getName().equals("")) {
                        File tempFile = new File(item.getName());
                        file = new File(sc.getRealPath("/") + savePath,
                                tempFile.getName());
                        item.write(file);

                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            request.setAttribute("upload.message", "上传文件不成功！");
        }
        return file;
    }

    public void init(ServletConfig config) {
        savePath = config.getInitParameter("savePath");
        sc = config.getServletContext();
    }

}

步骤三：修改web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.v512.UploadServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
    <param-name>savePath</param-name>
    <param-value>uploads</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SendMailServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.v512.SendMailServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SendAttachmentMailServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.v512.SendAttachmentMailServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
    <param-name>savePath</param-name>
    <param-value>uploads</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/upload</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SendMailServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/sendMail</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SendAttachmentMailServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/sendAttachmentMail</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>