题目连接:http://codeforces.com/contest/505/problem/B
Mr. Kitayuta has just bought an undirected graph consisting of n vertices and m edges. The vertices of the graph are numbered from 1 to n. Each edge, namely edge i, has a color ci, connecting vertex ai and bi.
Mr. Kitayuta wants you to process the following q queries.
In the i-th query, he gives you two integers — ui and vi.
Find the number of the colors that satisfy the following condition: the edges of that color connect vertex ui and vertex vi directly or indirectly.
The first line of the input contains space-separated two integers — n and m (2 ≤ n ≤ 100, 1 ≤ m ≤ 100), denoting the number of the vertices and the number of the edges, respectively.
The next m lines contain space-separated three integers — ai, bi (1 ≤ ai < bi ≤ n) and ci (1 ≤ ci ≤ m). Note that there can be multiple edges between two vertices. However, there are no multiple edges of the same color between two vertices, that is, if i ≠ j,(ai, bi, ci) ≠ (aj, bj, cj).
The next line contains a integer — q (1 ≤ q ≤ 100), denoting the number of the queries.
Then follows q lines, containing space-separated two integers — ui and vi (1 ≤ ui, vi ≤ n). It is guaranteed that ui ≠ vi.
For each query, print the answer in a separate line.
4 5
1 2 1
1 2 2
2 3 1
2 3 3
2 4 3
3
1 2
3 4
1 4
2
1
0
5 7
1 5 1
2 5 1
3 5 1
4 5 1
1 2 2
2 3 2
3 4 2
5
1 5
5 1
2 5
1 5
1 4
1
1
1
1
2
题目大意:
给定一个图,可能存在重边,各边有不同权值,给定任意两点,求两点之间有多少种相同权值的边相连。
解题思路:
题目很直白,有多种解法,因为数据范围很小,所以可以直接对于每种颜色dfs遍历一遍,因为有多次查询,所以综合考虑为节省时间直接全部dfs一遍,再将结果储存在一个二维数组中,每次查询输出数组中的结果即可。
因为可能存在重边,所以使用vector存边。
dfs很简单,每次寻找一种颜色即可。
代码如下:
#include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; vector <int> g[105][105]; int n; bool vis[105]= {0}; bool dfs(int now,int color,int e) { if(now==e) return true; for(int i=1; i<=n; i++) { if(vis[i]||g[now][i].size()==0) continue; for(int j=0; j<g[now][i].size(); j++) { if(g[now][i][j]!=color) continue; else { vis[i]=1; if(dfs(i,color,e)) return true; } } } return false; } int main() { int m,u,v,c,q,ans; int mp[105][105]; scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); for(int i=0; i<m; i++) { scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&c); g[u][v].push_back(c); g[v][u].push_back(c); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j <= n; j++) { ans = 0; for (int k = 1; k <= m; k++) { memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis)); if (dfs(i, k, j)) ans++; mp[i][j] = mp[j][i] = ans; } } } scanf("%d",&q); for(int i=0; i<q; i++) { scanf("%d%d",&u,&v); cout<<mp[u][v]<<endl; } }
此题还可以用并查集来解,构造一个二维并查集,每个颜色分别记录,更简单而且更快,但是第一时间想到的就是dfs,以后做题思维应当更灵活,不能定式思维,要熟悉各个算法可以实现的各种功能,再多加思考选用最优解。