TMMI_测试过程改进框架_已定义级别6_同行评审1

PA 3.5 Peer Reviews 同行评审

Purpose 目的

The purpose of the Peer Review process area is to verify that work products meet their specified requirements and to remove defects from selected work products early and efficiently. An important corollary effect is to develop a better understanding of the work products and of defects that might be prevented.

同行评审流程域的目的是验证工作产品满足他们特定的需求并且从选择的工作产品中较早，高效的删除缺陷。一个重要的必须的工作是开发更好对工作产品的理解和可能要阻止的缺陷的理解。

Introductory Notes 简介

Reviews involve a methodical examination of work products by peers to identify defects and areas where changes are needed. Reviews are conducted with a small group of engineers, generally between 2-7 persons. The work product to be reviewed could be a requirements specification, design document, source code, test design, a user manual, or another type of document. In practice, there are many ways by which the group of reviewers is selected. Reviewers may be:  Specialists in reviewing (quality assurance or audit)  People from the same project  People invited by the author because of their specific knowledge  People, e.g., business representatives, who have a significant interest in the product Several types of reviews are defined, each with its own purpose and objective. In addition to informal reviews, more formal review types such as walkthroughs, technical reviews and inspections are used [IEEE 1028]. In a walkthrough, the author guides a group of people through a document and his thought process, so everybody understands the document in the same way and they reach a consensus on the content or changes to be made. In a technical review the group discusses, after an individual preparation, the content and the (technical) approach to be used. An inspection, the most formal review type, is a technique where a document is checked for defects by each individual and by the group, using sources and standards and following prescribed rules.

重审包括同行对工作产品有条理的检查来明确缺陷和需要修改的地方。重审被在一个小团队（工程师，通常2-7人）被执行。被重审的工作产品可以是一个需求说明书。设计文档，源代码，测试设计，用户手册，或者其他类型文档。实践中，有很方法供重审人员团队选择。可以是一下几个方面：重审专家，同一个项目的人员，其他被邀请的人，因为他们的特殊的知识。商业代表。每个人都有他们的目的，除了非正式的重审，其他正式的例如，演练，技术重审和检查被使用。在演练中，作者指导了一个团队通过文档和他的过程。所有人明白文档通过相同方式，他们达到对内容的一致观点，以及修改。从技术来看团队讨论，经过个人准备，内容和方法被使用。检视，一个最正式的回顾类型。

Scope 范围

The Peer Review process area covers the practices for performing peer reviews on work products, e.g., testers reviewing a requirements specification for testability. It also includes the practices for establishing the peer review approach within a project. Project reviews (also known as management reviews) are outside the scope of this process area. At TMMi maturity level 3 peer reviews are not yet fully integrated with the dynamic testing process, e.g., part of the test strategy, test plan and test approach.

同行评审流程域覆盖了执行同行重审的实践。比如，测试人员重审需求说明书验证是否可测试。它包含了建立同行评审方法的实践。项目重审不再这个过程域范围内。在TMMI3同行评审没有完全集成到动态测试过程中。比如，测试策略，测试计划，测试方法的一部分。

Specific Goal and Practice Summary 指定实践目标汇总

SG 1 Establish a Peer Review Approach 建立同行评审方法

SP 1.1 Identify work products to be reviewed SP 1.2 Define peer review criteria

明确要重审的工作产品，定义同行评审的标准

SG 2 Perform Peer Reviews 执行同行评审

SP 2.1 Conduct peer reviews SP 2.2 Testers review test basis documents SP 2.3 Analyze peer review data

1.执行同行评审。2.测试人员重申测试原则文档。3.分析同行评审数据。