TMMI_测试过程改进框架_已定义级别6_测试组织3

SG 2 Establish Test Functions for Test Specialists 为测试人员建立测试功能

Test functions with accompanying job descriptions are established and assigned to the test specialists.

测试功能伴随着工作描述被建立和分配给测试人员

SP 2.1 Identify test functions 明确测试功能

A set of test functions is identified, as appropriate. Example work products 1. List of identified test functions Sub-practices 1. Analyze the test policy, test strategy and standard test process for typical test roles 2. Identify a set of test functions that cover the typical test roles, as appropriate Examples of test functions include the following:  Test manager  Test team leader  Test designer  Test engineer  Test consultant  Test environment engineer 3. Identify test functions for specialized areas, as appropriate Examples of test functions for specialized areas include the following:  Test automation architect  Test automation engineer  Performance test engineer  Usability test engineer  Test process improvement officer

一些列的测试功能被适当的建立。

例子工作产品：明确的测试功能列表

子实践：1.分析测试方针，测试策略和为典型的测试角色定义的标准测试流程。2.明确一系列测试功能，覆盖通常的典型的测试角色，测试功能的适当例子包括下面几个：测试经理，测试团队负责人，测试设计，测试工程师，测试顾问，测试环境工程师。3，为特定的领域明确测试功能。比如。测试自动化框架，测试自动化工程师，性能测试工程师，可用性测试工程师，测试流程提升工程师。

SP 2.2 Develop job descriptions 开发工作描述

For the test functions identified, job descriptions are developed. For non-test specialist functions, existing job descriptions are enhanced with typical test tasks and responsibilities, as appropriate. Example work products 1. Job description for test functions 2. Enhanced job description for non-test specialists Sub-practices 1. Define job description for each of the identified test functions Job descriptions typically include the following:  Name of the test function  Short description  Salary scale  Qualifications  Typical tasks to be performed  Responsibilities and authorities  Required knowledge and skills  Educational requirements  Training modules to be followed 2. Incorporate the job descriptions into the organization’s Human Resource Management (HRM) framework 3. Extend job descriptions for other job categories (non-test specialist) to include the test tasks and responsibilities, as appropriate Examples of non-test specialists’ job categories that typically encompass test activities and responsibilities include the following:  Software developer  System engineer  System integrator  User representative 4. Use the organization’s standard test process as a major input to define and enhance the job descriptions 5. Review the job descriptions with stakeholders 6. Revise the job descriptions as appropriate

对于已经明确的测试功能，工作描述被开发。对于非测试人员功能，现有的工作描述被加强，使用典型的测试任务和责任。

例子工作产品：1.测试功能的工作描述。2.为非测试人员增强的工作描述

子实践：1. 为每一个已定义的测试功能定义工作描述，包括下面几个方面：测试功能名字，短描述，薪酬范围，等等。2.具体化工作描述道组织人力资源管理框架。 3.延伸工作描述到其他领域来包括测试工作和责任。4. 使用组织的标准测试流程作为主要的输入来定义和加强工作描述。

SP 2.3 Assign staff members to test functions 为测试功能分配员工

Members of the test organization are assigned to the identified test functions. Example work products 1. Staff members assigned to test functions as their job title Sub-practices 1. Assign staff members to the test functions 2. Perform job interviews to fill open test specialist positions, using questionnaires to determine the interviewee’s technical background, his or her personal skills and motivation 3. Ensure that the test specialist positions (functions) are kept occupied 4. Periodically evaluate test organization member performance 5. Take appropriate action based on the evaluation, if necessary

测试组织的成员被分配特定的测试功能，

例子工作产品：1. 员工被分配测试功能如同他们的工作职位

子实践：1. 分配员工给测试功能，2. 执行工作面试来填满测试人员岗位。3，保证测试人员岗位被占用。 4.定时的评估测试人员的表现。5基于评估采取适当的行动。