TMMI_测试过程改进框架_管理级别5_测试计划_4

SG 3 Establish Test Estimates 建立测试评估

Well-founded test estimates are established and maintained for use in discussing the test approach with stakeholders and in planning the testing activities.

一个有理有据的测试评估被建立和维护，用于和利益相关人讨论测试方法和计划测试行为

SP 3.1 Establish a top-level work breakdown structure 建立一个高级别的工作分解框架（分而治之） 推荐trello 工具。

Establish a top-level work breakdown structure (WBS) to clearly define the scope of the testing to be performed and, thereby, the scope for the test estimate. Example work products 1. Test work products list 2. Test tasks to be performed 3. Work breakdown structure Sub-practices 1. Identify test work products to be developed based on the defined test approach 2. Identify test work products that will be acquired externally 3. Identify test work products that will be re-used 4. Identify test tasks to be performed related to the test work products 5. Identify indirect test tasks to be performed such as test management, meetings, configuration management, etc. Note that the WBS should also take into account tasks for implementing the test environment requirements. Refer to the Test Environment process area for more information on this topic.

建立一个高级别的工作分解框架来清晰定义要执行的测试范围，以及由此确定的测试评估范围。

例子工作产品：测试工作产品列表， 要执行的测试工作，工作细分框架。

子实践： 1.明确基于定义的测试方法的要开发的测试工作产品。 2.明确将会从外部获取的测试工作产品？？？？3. 重用的测试工作产品 4. 

SP 3.2 Define test lifecycle 定义测试生命周期

Define the test lifecycle phases on which to scope the planning effort. Example work products 1. Test lifecycle phases definition 2. Test milestones Sub-practices 1. Define test lifecycle phases. At a minimum a test planning, test preparation and test execution phase are distinguished 2. Schedule the test preparation phase such that it starts immediately upon the completion of the test basis 3. Align the top-level work breakdown structure with the defined test lifecycle 4. Identify major milestones for each test lifecycle phase Note that understanding the lifecycle is crucial in determining the scope of the test planning effort and the timing of the initial planning, as well as the timing and criteria (at critical milestones) for replanning.

定义测试生命周期阶段，并且通过它来研究计划工作。

例子工作产品： 测试生命周期阶段定义 ， 测试里程碑

子任务：1.定义测试生命周期，至少测试计划，测试准备，测试执行要区分。 2. 测试准备阶段安排时间。保证它在完成测试基础后马上开始。 3. 是分而治之的框架和测试上面周期保存一直。 4. 为测试生命周期明确主要的里程碑。

SP 3.3 Determine estimates for test effort and cost 确定测试代价和消耗的评估

Estimate the test effort and cost for the test work products to be created and testing tasks to be performed based on the estimation rationale. Example work products 1. Attribute estimates of test work products and test tasks 2. Test effort estimates 3. Test cost estimates Sub-practices 1. Determine and maintain estimates of the attributes of the test work products and test tasks 。。Examples of attributes used to estimate test work products and test tasks include the following:  Size, e.g., number of test cases, number of pages, number of test points, volume of test data, number of requirements  Complexity of related test item, e.g., cyclomatic number  Level of re-use  Priority level of related product risk Note that appropriate methods (e.g., validated models or historical data) should be used to determine the attributes of the test work products and test tasks that will be used to estimate the resource requirements. 2. Study (technical) factors that can influence the test estimate Examples of factors that can influence the test estimate include the following:  Usage of test tools  Quality of earlier test levels  Quality of test basis

为要创建测试工作产品评估测试代价和消耗，测试工作在评估的基础上被执行。

例子工作产品： 1，为测试工作产品和测试工作属性化。 2. 测试代价评估， 3. 测试消耗评估 

子任务： 1. 明确和维护测试工作产品和测试任务属性的评估。 属性包括：大小： 测试用例数量，测试点数量，测试数据的量，需求量。 要测试东东的复杂度。 可重用级别，相关产品风险的优先级别。

                2. 学习会影响到测试评估的技术因素。 工具使用，早期测试等级质量， 测试基础质量。