PyQt5学习笔记（三）：布局管理

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 16:07:54 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 16:07:54 发布

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分类专栏： pyqt5

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wanglj2012/article/details/86301664

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本文是PyQt5学习笔记的第三部分，主要探讨了四种布局管理技术：绝对定位、水平和垂直布局、网格布局以及如何让组件跨行跨列的实现。通过实例展示了如何有效地组织和调整GUI组件的位置。

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例1：绝对定位

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, QApplication

class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        lbl1 = QLabel('姓名', self)
        lbl1.move(15, 15)

        lbl2 = QLabel('学号', self)
        lbl2.move(15, 40)

        name_LineEdit = QLineEdit(self)
        name_LineEdit.move(55, 15)
        
        num_LineEdit = QLineEdit(self)
        num_LineEdit.move(55, 40)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('绝对定位')    


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

例2：使用水平和垂直布局

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, QHBoxLayout,
QVBoxLayout, QApplication)

class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        lbl1 = QLabel('姓名')
        lbl2 = QLabel('学号')

        name_LineEdit = QLineEdit()
        num_LineEdit = QLineEdit()
        
        hBox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        hBox1.addWidget(lbl1)
        hBox1.addWidget(name_LineEdit)
        hBox1.addStretch(1)
        
        hBox2 = QHBoxLayout()
        hBox2.addWidget(lbl2)
        hBox2.addWidget(num_LineEdit)
        hBox2.addStretch(2)
        
        vBox = QVBoxLayout()
        vBox.addLayout(hBox1)
        vBox.addLayout(hBox2)

        self.setLayout(vBox)
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('布局')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

例3：使用网格布局

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, 
QGridLayout, QApplication)

class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        lbl1 = QLabel('姓名')
        lbl2 = QLabel('学号')
        
        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        num_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        
        grid_layout = QGridLayout()
        grid_layout.addWidget(lbl1, 0, 0)
        grid_layout.addWidget(lbl2, 1, 0)
        grid_layout.addWidget(name_lineEdit, 0, 1)
        grid_layout.addWidget(num_lineEdit, 1, 1)
        
        self.setLayout(grid_layout)
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('绝对定位')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

例4：组件能跨行跨列

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, 
    QTextEdit, QGridLayout, QApplication)

class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        title = QLabel('Title')
        author = QLabel('Author')
        review = QLabel('Review')

        titleEdit = QLineEdit()
        authorEdit = QLineEdit()
        reviewEdit = QTextEdit()

        grid = QGridLayout()
        grid.setSpacing(10)

        grid.addWidget(title, 1, 0)
        grid.addWidget(titleEdit, 1, 1)

        grid.addWidget(author, 2, 0)
        grid.addWidget(authorEdit, 2, 1)

        grid.addWidget(review, 3, 0)
        grid.addWidget(reviewEdit, 3, 1, 5, 1)

        self.setLayout(grid) 

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Review')    
        self.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())