python入门到实践外星人入侵

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-17 05:58:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-12-17 05:58:59 发布 · 175 阅读

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#python

这篇博客引导初学者通过编写Python程序实现‘外星人入侵’游戏，覆盖了基本语法、条件判断、循环控制等核心概念，旨在提升Python编程技能。

#settings.py
class Settings():
    """存储《外星人入侵》的所有设置的类"""

    def __init__(self):
        """初始化游戏的设置"""
        #屏幕设置
        self.screen_width = 1200
        self.screen_height = 600
        self.bg_color = (230,230,230)
        #飞船的设置
        self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5
        self.ship_limit = 3
        #子弹设置
        self.bullet_speed_factor = 1
        self.bullet_speed_factor = 1
        self.bullet_width = 3
        self.bullet_height = 15
        self.bullet_color = 60,60,60
        self.bullets_allowed = 3
        #外星人设置
        self.alien_speed_factor = 0.5
        self.fleet_drop_speed = 10
        #fleet_direction为1表示向右移，为-1表示向左移
        self.fleet_direction = 1

#alien.py
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite

class Alien(Sprite):
    """表示单个外星人的类"""
    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
        """初始化外星人并设置其起始位置"""
        super(Alien,self).__init__()
        self.screen = screen
        self.ai_settings = ai_settings

        #加载外星人图像，并设置其rect属性
        self.image = pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

        #每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近
        self.rect.x = self.rect.width
        self.rect.y = self.rect.height

        #存储外星人的准确位置
        self.x = float(self.rect.x)

    def blitme(self):
        """在指定位置绘制外星人"""
        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

    def check_edges(self):
        """如果外星人位于屏幕边缘，就返回True"""
        screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
        if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:
            return True
        elif self.rect.left <= 0:
            return True

    def update(self):
        """向左或向右移动外星人"""
        self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor *
                   self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)
        self.rect.x = self.x

#alien_invasion.py
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Group
from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
import game_functions as gf

def run_game():
    #初始化pygame.设置和屏幕对象
    pygame.init()
    ai_settings = Settings()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
        (ai_settings.screen_width,ai_settings.screen_height))
    pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
    #创建Play按钮
    play_button = Button(ai_settings,screen,"Play")

    #创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例
    stats = GameStats(ai_settings)