[转]Android 触摸屏校准

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-26 15:59:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-26 15:59:59 发布

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本文详细介绍了Android系统中触摸屏校准的过程和技术细节，包括如何通过校验触摸坐标来优化触摸响应，以及如何使用Java代码实现触摸屏校准。

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Android 触摸屏校准

话接上回，我们发现了手工利用 tslib 校验触摸屏的缺点。那么这一回我们就来一次稍微高级一点的校验吧。

我们其实只需要相对的 x,y 以及lcd的 x,y 就可以把校验系数算出来。这里要说的是lcd的x,y是绝对的准确的比如我们要在（50，50）画一个十字那么这个50，50就是我们认为的绝对坐标。我们要的只是从android通过getX()和getY()拿到我们需要的相对坐标。

其实一切我们打算做的事情可以都在 InputDevice 里面做完

下面我把完整之后整个的 InputDevice 贴出来：

* * Copyright ( C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2. 0 ( the "License" ) ; * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http: //www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND , either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * / package com. android. server ; import android. util . Log ; import android. view . Display; import android. view . MotionEvent; import android. view . Surface; import android. view . WindowManagerPolicy; import java . io . FileInputStream ; import java . util . StringTokenizer ; import java . io . File ; import java . io . FileNotFoundException ; import java . io . FileOutputStream ; import java . io . IOException ; public class InputDevice { /** Amount that trackball needs to move in order to generate a key event. */ static final int TRACKBALL_MOVEMENT_THRESHOLD = 6; //once edit static final String CALIBRATION_FILE = "/data/etc/pointercal" ; //edit ends final int id ; final int classes; final String name ; final AbsoluteInfo absX; final AbsoluteInfo absY; final AbsoluteInfo absPressure; final AbsoluteInfo absSize; //once edit static TransformInfo tInfo; //edit ends long mDownTime = 0; int mMetaKeysState = 0; static File desFile; final MotionState mAbs = new MotionState( 0, 0) ; final MotionState mRel = new MotionState( TRACKBALL_MOVEMENT_THRESHOLD, TRACKBALL_MOVEMENT_THRESHOLD) ; static class MotionState { int xPrecision; int yPrecision; float xMoveScale; float yMoveScale; MotionEvent currentMove = null ; boolean changed = false; boolean down = false; boolean lastDown = false; long downTime = 0; int x = 0; int y = 0; int pressure = 1; int size = 0; MotionState( int mx, int my) { xPrecision = mx; yPrecision = my; xMoveScale = mx ! = 0 ? ( 1. 0f/ mx) : 1. 0f; yMoveScale = my ! = 0 ? ( 1. 0f/ my) : 1. 0f; } MotionEvent generateMotion( InputDevice device, long curTime, boolean isAbs, Display display, int orientation, int metaState) { if ( ! changed) { return null ; } //once edit String prop = System . getProperty ( "ts.config.calibrate" , "noset" ) ; if ( prop. equalsIgnoreCase ( "start" ) ) { Log . i( "XXW prop" , prop) ; Log . i( "XXW" , "prop.equalsIgnoreCase start" ) ; device. tInfo = null ; } else if ( prop. equalsIgnoreCase ( "done" ) ) { Log . i( "XXW prop" , prop) ; Log . i( "XXW" , "prop.equalsIgnoreCase done" ) ; readCalibrate( ) ; System . setProperty ( "ts.config.calibrate" , "end" ) ; } else { Log . i( "XXW prop" , prop) ; Log . i( "XXW" , "prop.equalsIgnoreCase else" ) ; } //edit ends float scaledX = x; float scaledY = y; float temp; float scaledPressure = 1. 0f; float scaledSize = 0; int edgeFlags = 0; if ( isAbs) { int w = display. getWidth ( ) - 1; int h = display. getHeight ( ) - 1; if ( orientation = = Surface. ROTATION_90 | | orientation = = Surface. ROTATION_270) { int tmp = w; w = h; h = tmp; } if ( device. absX ! = null ) { //once edit if ( device. tInfo ! = null ) { scaledX = ( device. tInfo. x1 * x + device. tInfo. y1 * y + device. tInfo. z1) / device. tInfo. s; Log . i( "XXW" , "x: " + x) ; Log . i( "XXW" , "trans x: " + scaledX) ; } else //edit ends scaledX = ( ( scaledX- device. absX. minValue) / device. absX. range) * w; } if ( device. absY ! = null ) { //once edit if ( device. tInfo ! = null ) { scaledY = ( device. tInfo. x2 * x + device. tInfo. y2 * y + device. tInfo. z2) / device. tInfo. s; Log . i( "XXW" , "y: " + y) ; Log . i( "XXW" , "trans y: " + scaledY) ; } else //edit ends scaledY = ( ( scaledY- device. absY. minValue) / device. absY. range) * h; } if ( device. absPressure ! = null ) { scaledPressure = ( ( pressure- device. absPressure. minValue) / ( float ) device. absPressure. range) ; } if ( device. absSize ! = null ) { scaledSize = ( ( size - device. absSize. minValue) / ( float ) device. absSize. range) ; } switch ( orientation) { case Surface. ROTATION_90: temp = scaledX; scaledX = scaledY; scaledY = w- temp; break ; case Surface. ROTATION_180: scaledX = w- scaledX; scaledY = h- scaledY; break ; case Surface. ROTATION_270: temp = scaledX; scaledX = h- scaledY; scaledY = temp; break ; } if ( scaledX = = 0) { edgeFlags + = MotionEvent. EDGE_LEFT; } else if ( scaledX = = display. getWidth ( ) - 1. 0f) { edgeFlags + = MotionEvent. EDGE_RIGHT; } if ( scaledY = = 0) { edgeFlags + = MotionEvent. EDGE_TOP; } else if ( scaledY = = display. getHeight ( ) - 1. 0f) { edgeFlags + = MotionEvent. EDGE_BOTTOM; } } else { scaledX * = xMoveScale; scaledY * = yMoveScale; switch ( orientation) { case Surface. ROTATION_90: temp = scaledX; scaledX = scaledY; scaledY = - temp; break ; case Surface. ROTATION_180: scaledX = - scaledX; scaledY = - scaledY; break ; case Surface. ROTATION_270: temp = scaledX; scaledX = - scaledY; scaledY = temp; break ; } } changed = false; if ( down ! = lastDown) { int action ; lastDown = down; if ( down) { action = MotionEvent. ACTION_DOWN; downTime = curTime; } else { action = MotionEvent. ACTION_UP; } currentMove = null ; if ( ! isAbs) { x = y = 0; } return MotionEvent. obtain( downTime, curTime, action , scaledX, scaledY, scaledPressure, scaledSize, metaState, xPrecision, yPrecision, device. id , edgeFlags) ; } else { if ( currentMove ! = null ) { if ( false) Log . i( "InputDevice" , "Adding batch x=" + scaledX + " y=" + scaledY + " to " + currentMove) ; currentMove. addBatch ( curTime, scaledX, scaledY, scaledPressure, scaledSize, metaState) ; if ( WindowManagerPolicy. WATCH_POINTER) { Log . i( "KeyInputQueue" , "Updating: " + currentMove) ; } return null ; } MotionEvent me = MotionEvent. obtain( downTime, curTime, MotionEvent. ACTION_MOVE, scaledX, scaledY, scaledPressure, scaledSize, metaState, xPrecision, yPrecision, device. id , edgeFlags) ; currentMove = me; return me; } } } static class AbsoluteInfo { int minValue; int maxValue; int range; int flat; int fuzz; } ; //once edit static class TransformInfo { float x1; float y1; float z1; float x2; float y2; float z2; float s; } ; //edit ends InputDevice( int _id, int _classes, String _name, AbsoluteInfo _absX, AbsoluteInfo _absY, AbsoluteInfo _absPressure, AbsoluteInfo _absSize) { id = _id; classes = _classes; name = _name; absX = _absX; absY = _absY; absPressure = _absPressure; absSize = _absSize; //once edit desFile = new File ( CALIBRATION_FILE) ; readCalibrate( ) ; //edit ends } static void readCalibrate( ) { //xxw added Log . i( "XXW" , "readCalibrate!" ) ; TransformInfo t = null ; try { FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream ( CALIBRATION_FILE) ; byte [ ] mBuffer = new byte [ 64] ; int len = is. read ( mBuffer) ; is. close ( ) ; if ( len > 0) { int i; for ( i = 0 ; i < len ; i+ + ) { if ( mBuffer[ i] = = '/n' | | mBuffer[ i] = = 0) { break ; } } len = i; } StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer ( new String ( mBuffer, 0, 0, len) ) ; t = new TransformInfo ( ) ; t. x1 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. y1 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. z1 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. x2 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. y2 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. z2 = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; t. s = Integer . parseInt ( st. nextToken ( ) ) ; } catch ( java . io . FileNotFoundException e) { Log . i( "XXW" , "FileNotFound!" ) ; } catch ( java . io . IOException e) { Log . i( "XXW" , "IOException" ) ; } tInfo = t; Log . i( "XXW" , "readCalibrate done!" ) ; } } ;

与上一次的那个 InputDevice 相比我将读取校准文件的代码单独的变成一个函数，之所以这么做是因为我们打算不重启就可以直接让 android 校准完成。这里其实也没什么东西只是读取校验文件如果读取成功了就用校验公式计算出校准后的坐标。为了避免重启所以用了一个系统属性ts.config.calibrate来决定重新读取一次文件。当然当ts.config.calibrate值表明正在校验的话就直接传上来点击的原始坐标而不经过换算。校验完成之后读取一次校验文件然后将系统属性变成其他值不再读取文件。

下面我们就要写一个 apk 来实现校准了。

这里我尝试了 2 种方法一种是纯 java 的 apk 一种是 jni 的 apk 。其实对于校准来说上层已经能拿到 x,y 那么我们取 5 个点就已经可以算出来那 7 个校准值然后利用 java 存文件了。整个 apk 的java代码

package com. android. calibrate; import java . io . File ; import java . io . FileNotFoundException ; import java . io . FileOutputStream ; import java . io . IOException ; import android. util . Log ; public class Calibrate { private calibration cal; public Calibrate( ) { cal = new calibration( ) ; } class calibration { int x[ ] = new int [ 5] ; int xfb[ ] = new int [ 5] ; int y[ ] = new int [ 5] ; int yfb[ ] = new int [ 5] ; int a[ ] = new int [ 7] ; } ; boolean perform_calibration( ) { Log . i( "XXW" , "perform_calibration" ) ; int j; float n, x, y, x2, y2, xy, z, zx, zy; float det, a, b, c, e, f, i; float scaling = ( float ) 65536. 0; // Get sums for matrix n = x = y = x2 = y2 = xy = 0; for ( j = 0; j < 5; j+ + ) { n + = 1. 0; x + = ( float ) cal. x[ j] ; y + = ( float ) cal. y[ j] ; x2 + = ( float ) ( cal. x[ j] * cal. x[ j] ) ; y2 + = ( float ) ( cal. y[ j] * cal. y[ j] ) ; xy + = ( float ) ( cal. x[ j] * cal. y[ j] ) ; } // Get determinant of matrix -- check if determinant is too small det = n * ( x2 * y2 - xy * xy) + x * ( xy * y - x * y2) + y * ( x * xy - y * x2) ; if ( det < 0. 1 & & det > - 0. 1) { Log . i( "ts_calibrate: determinant is too small -- %f/n" , "" + det) ; return false; } // Get elements of inverse matrix a = ( x2 * y2 - xy * xy) / det; b = ( xy * y - x * y2) / det; c = ( x * xy - y * x2) / det; e = ( n * y2 - y * y) / det; f = ( x * y - n * xy) / det; i = ( n * x2 - x * x) / det; // Get sums for x calibration z = zx = zy = 0; for ( j = 0; j < 5; j+ + ) { z + = ( float ) cal. xfb[ j] ; zx + = ( float ) ( cal. xfb[ j] * cal. x[ j] ) ; zy + = ( float ) ( cal. xfb[ j] * cal. y[ j] ) ; } // Now multiply out to get the calibration for framebuffer x coord cal. a[ 0] = ( int ) ( ( a * z + b * zx + c * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; cal. a[ 1] = ( int ) ( ( b * z + e * zx + f * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; cal. a[ 2] = ( int ) ( ( c * z + f * zx + i * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; System . out. printf ( "%f %f %f/n" , ( a * z + b * zx + c * zy) , ( b * z + e * zx + f * zy) , ( c * z + f * zx + i * zy) ) ; // Get sums for y calibration z = zx = zy = 0; for ( j = 0; j < 5; j+ + ) { z + = ( float ) cal. yfb[ j] ; zx + = ( float ) ( cal. yfb[ j] * cal. x[ j] ) ; zy + = ( float ) ( cal. yfb[ j] * cal. y[ j] ) ; } // Now multiply out to get the calibration for framebuffer y coord cal. a[ 3] = ( int ) ( ( a * z + b * zx + c * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; cal. a[ 4] = ( int ) ( ( b * z + e * zx + f * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; cal. a[ 5] = ( int ) ( ( c * z + f * zx + i * zy) * ( scaling) ) ; System . out. printf ( "%f %f %f/n" , ( a * z + b * zx + c * zy) , ( b * z + e * zx + f * zy) , ( c * z + f * zx + i * zy) ) ; // If we got here, we're OK, so assign scaling to a[6] and return cal. a[ 6] = ( int ) scaling; return true; /* * // This code was here originally to just insert default values * for(j=0;j<7;j++) { c->a[j]=0; } c->a[1] = c->a[5] = c->a[6] = 1; * return 1; */ } void get_sample( int index, int x1, int y1, int x, int y) { Log . i( "XXW" , "get_sample" ) ; cal. x[ index] = x1; cal. y[ index] = y1; cal. xfb[ index] = x; cal. yfb[ index] = y; } int calibrate_main( ) { int result = 0; Log . i( "XXW" , "calibrate_main" ) ; if ( perform_calibration( ) ) { String strPara = String . format ( "%d %d %d %d %d %d %d" , cal. a[ 1] , cal. a[ 2] , cal. a[ 0] , cal. a[ 4] , cal. a[ 5] , cal. a[ 3] , cal. a[ 6] ) ; boolean success = new File ( "/data/etc" ) . mkdir ( ) ; if ( ! success) { Log . i( this . toString ( ) , "no success" ) ; } File desFile = new File ( "/data/etc/pointercal" ) ; if ( ! desFile. exists ( ) ) try { desFile. createNewFile ( ) ; } catch ( IOException e1) { e1. printStackTrace ( ) ; } FileOutputStream fos; try { fos = new FileOutputStream ( desFile) ; byte [ ] buf = strPara. getBytes ( ) ; int bytesRead = buf. length ; try { fos. write ( buf, 0, bytesRead) ; fos. flush ( ) ; fos. close ( ) ; } catch ( IOException e) { e. printStackTrace ( ) ; } } catch ( FileNotFoundException e) { e. printStackTrace ( ) ; } result = 0; } else { result = - 1; } return result ; } }

其实这个就是 tslib 里那个 ts_calibrate.cpp 的姐妹篇。重要的函数就一个 perform_calibration() 。这里要注意的是你必须首先利用 get_sample 读取 5 个点的值来初始化 cal 然后再调用 calibrate_main 来计算校验系数。而且那 5 个点的顺序为左上右上右下左下中间。这 4 个点基本上应该在屏幕的边缘附近否则计算出来的校验值可能不准。利用上面的那个类写一个 apk 出来跑跑看流程应该就可以了。

package com. android. calibrate; import com. android. calibrate. R; import java . util . ArrayList ; import java . util . List ; import android. app. Activity ; import android. os. Bundle; import android. util . Log ; import android. view . MotionEvent; import android. view . View ; import android. view . Window ; import android. view . WindowManager; import android. view . View . OnTouchListener; import android. widget. ImageView ; import android. widget. Toast; import android. os. SystemProperties; public class AndroidCalibrate extends Activity { private Calibrate cal; private int time ; private List < ImageView > list = new ArrayList < ImageView > ( ) ; int xList[ ] = { 50, 270, 270, 50, 160 } ; int yList[ ] = { 50, 350, 350, 50, 200 } ; static void setNotTitle( Activity act) { act. requestWindowFeature( Window . FEATURE_NO_TITLE) ; } static void setFullScreen( Activity act) { setNotTitle( act) ; act. getWindow ( ) . setFlags( WindowManager. LayoutParams. FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager. LayoutParams. FLAG_FULLSCREEN) ; } public void onCreate( Bundle savedInstanceState) { super . onCreate( savedInstanceState) ; setFullScreen( this ) ; this . setContentView( R. layout . main) ; //System.setProperty("ts.config.calibrate", "start"); //String prop = System.getProperty("ts.config.calibrate", null); SystemProperty. set ( "ts.config.calibrate" , "start" ) ; ImageView image0 = ( ImageView ) findViewById( R. id . crossview_topleft) ; ImageView image1 = ( ImageView ) findViewById( R. id . crossview_topright) ; ImageView image2 = ( ImageView ) findViewById( R. id . crossview_bottomright) ; ImageView image3 = ( ImageView ) findViewById( R. id . crossview_bottomleft) ; ImageView image4 = ( ImageView ) findViewById( R. id . crossview_center) ; image1. setVisibility( View . INVISIBLE) ; image2. setVisibility( View . INVISIBLE) ; image3. setVisibility( View . INVISIBLE) ; image4. setVisibility( View . INVISIBLE) ; list . clear ( ) ; list . add ( image0) ; list . add ( image1) ; list . add ( image2) ; list . add ( image3) ; list . add ( image4) ; for ( ImageView image : list ) { image . setOnTouchListener( this . onTouchListener) ; } cal = new Calibrate( ) ; time = 0; } OnTouchListener onTouchListener = new OnTouchListener( ) { public boolean onTouch( View v, MotionEvent event ) { Log . i( "Property" , SystemProperty. get ( "ts.config.calibrate" , "noset" ) ) ; if ( event . getAction ( ) = = MotionEvent. ACTION_DOWN) { Log . i( "XXW" , "onTouchListener" ) ; v. setVisibility( View . INVISIBLE) ; time = list . indexOf ( ( ImageView ) v) ; if ( time < 5) { if ( time + 1 < 5) list . get ( time + 1) . setVisibility( View . VISIBLE) ; Log . i( "XXW time onTouchListener" , " " + time ) ; cal. get_sample( time , ( int ) event . getX ( ) , ( int ) event . getY ( ) , xList[ time ] , yList[ time ] ) ; if ( time = = 4) { Log . i( "XXW" , "calibrate_main" ) ; cal. calibrate_main( ) ; Toast. makeText( getBaseContext( ) , "Calibrate Done!" , Toast. LENGTH_SHORT) . show ( ) ; //System.setProperty("ts.config.calibrate", "done"); SystemProperty. set ( "ts.config.calibrate" , "done" ) ; AndroidCalibrate. this . finish ( ) ; } } } return false; } } ; }