因项目需要实现截图小功能，博主汇总调研信息。介绍了截图常用方式，如全屏、Texture2D、相机截图，调用系统API，给出核心代码及设置方法；还说明了生成指定内容带透明背景通道截图的步骤，最后提供GitHub项目工程地址供深度学习。
最近由于项目的需要，实现截图的小功能，实践中发现可达到效果的方式还是蛮多的，所以小编把调研过程中的信息汇总起来，与大家共同学习哈！ 第一部分：截图的常用方式 - 全屏截图、Texture2D截图、相机截图方式 1、虽然实现方式比较多，但是里面的代码确实是比较简洁，都是调用系统自带的API。小编这边直接就上核心代码。ScreenCaptureController.cs 组件
using
System
;
using
System
.
Collections
;
using
System
.
Collections
.
Generic
;
using
System
.
IO
;
using
UnityEngine
;
using
UnityEngine
.
UI
;
public
class
ScreenCaptureController
:
MonoBehaviour
{
public
Button
button1
;
public
Button
button2
;
public
Button
button3
;
public
Camera
mainCamera
;
public
Camera
extraCamera
;
void
Start
(
)
{
button1
.
onClick
.
AddListener
(
delegate
{
CaptureFunc
(
GetPath
(
)
)
;
}
)
;
button2
.
onClick
.
AddListener
(
delegate
{
StartCoroutine
(
Texture2DCapture
(
GetPath
(
)
)
)
;
}
)
;
button3
.
onClick
.
AddListener
(
delegate
{
CameraCapture
(
GetPath
(
)
)
;
}
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// Unity自带的截屏功能，保存当前画面
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
public
void
CaptureFunc
(
string
filePath
)
{
ScreenCapture
.
CaptureScreenshot
(
filePath
)
;
Debug
.
Log
(
"全屏截图文件路径保存在"
+
filePath
)
;
//刷新unity目录
RefreshResource
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 普通截屏
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public
IEnumerator
Texture2DCapture
(
string
filePath
)
{
yield
return
new
WaitForEndOfFrame
(
)
;
//1.起始的X坐标，Y坐标，宽、高
var
rect
=
new
Rect
(
0
,
0
,
Screen
.
width
,
Screen
.
height
)
;
Texture2D
tex
=
new
Texture2D
(
(
int
)
rect
.
width
,
(
int
)
rect
.
height
)
;
//2.读取像素、后面两个参数分别是X轴的偏移量，Y轴偏移量
tex
.
ReadPixels
(
rect
,
0
,
0
)
;
//3.保存数据
tex
.
Apply
(
)
;
//4.将数据转换成PNG数据
byte
[
]
bytes
=
tex
.
EncodeToPNG
(
)
;
//5.将数据写成文件
File
.
WriteAllBytes
(
filePath
,
bytes
)
;
Debug
.
Log
(
"Texture2D截图文件路径保存在"
+
filePath
)
;
//6.刷新unity目录
RefreshResource
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 刷新Unity的目录
/// </summary>
private
static
void
RefreshResource
(
)
{
#
if
UNITY_EDITOR
UnityEditor
.
AssetDatabase
.
Refresh
(
)
;
#
endif
}
/// <summary>
/// Texture2D生成图片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
public
void
CameraCapture
(
string
filePath
)
{
var
camera
=
mainCamera
;
//设置截图相机
var
rect
=
new
Rect
(
0
,
0
,
Screen
.
width
,
Screen
.
height
)
;
RenderTexture
renderTexture
=
new
RenderTexture
(
(
int
)
rect
.
width
,
(
int
)
rect
.
height
,
32
)
;
camera
.
targetTexture
=
renderTexture
;
//设置相机的renderTexture
camera
.
Render
(
)
;
//手机开启相机的渲染
RenderTexture
.
active
=
renderTexture
;
//当前活动的渲染纹理
Texture2D
tex
=
new
Texture2D
(
(
int
)
rect
.
width
,
(
int
)
rect
.
height
)
;
tex
.
ReadPixels
(
rect
,
0
,
0
)
;
tex
.
Apply
(
)
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
null
;
//重置当前活动的渲染纹理
camera
.
targetTexture
=
null
;
//重置相机的targetTexture
//设置第二个截图相机
camera
=
extraCamera
;
camera
.
targetTexture
=
renderTexture
;
camera
.
Render
(
)
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
renderTexture
;
tex
.
ReadPixels
(
rect
,
0
,
0
)
;
tex
.
Apply
(
)
;
//重置当前活动的渲染纹理
camera
.
targetTexture
=
null
;
camera
=
null
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
null
;
//删除RenderTexture对象
Destroy
(
renderTexture
)
;
//写成图片文件
byte
[
]
bytes
=
tex
.
EncodeToPNG
(
)
;
File
.
WriteAllBytes
(
filePath
,
bytes
)
;
Debug
.
Log
(
"多相机截图文件路径保存在"
+
filePath
)
;
//刷新unity目录
RefreshResource
(
)
;
//回收垃圾
Resources
.
UnloadUnusedAssets
(
)
;
GC
.
Collect
(
)
;
}
public
string
GetPath
(
)
{
return
Application
.
dataPath
+
"/截图"
+
UnityEngine
.
Random
.
Range
(
0
,
1000
)
+
".Png"
;
}
}
2、设置生成路径，与对应的设置。根据以下截图所示。操作界面中的按钮，生成所需要的截图文件。
第二部分：生成指定内容(带透明背景通道)的截图 1、第一步，创建工程项目后，直接接上功能的核心代码。SuperRunScreenshot.cs 组件
using
System
.
Collections
;
using
System
.
Collections
.
Generic
;
using
UnityEngine
;
using
System
.
IO
;
using
System
.
Reflection
;
using
System
;
public
class
SuperRunScreenshot
:
MonoBehaviour
{
public
enum
Extension
{
EXR
,
JPG
,
PNG
,
TGA
}
public
int
CaptureWidth
=
0
;
public
int
CaptureHeight
=
0
;
public
Camera
CaptureCamera
=
null
;
public
bool
CaptureTransparent
=
true
;
public
string
CapturePath
=
null
;
public
string
CaptureLast
=
null
;
public
Extension
CaptureExtension
=
Extension
.
PNG
;
public
bool
FilenameCustomToggle
=
false
;
public
string
FilenameCustomValue
=
null
;
private
void
OnGUI
(
)
{
if
(
GUI
.
Button
(
new
Rect
(
200
,
100
,
100
,
100
)
,
"截取透明图片"
)
)
{
CaptureAction
(
)
;
}
}
private
void
CaptureAction
(
)
{
// HDRP - HDAdditionalCameraData
Type
HDRPCameraTypeA
=
Type
.
GetType
(
"UnityEngine.Rendering.HighDefinition.HDAdditionalCameraData, "
+
"Unity.RenderPipelines.HighDefinition.Runtime"
,
false
,
true
)
;
Type
HDRPCameraTypeB
=
Type
.
GetType
(
"UnityEngine.Experimental.Rendering.HDPipeline.HDAdditionalCameraData, "
+
"Unity.RenderPipelines.HighDefinition.Runtime"
,
false
,
true
)
;
Type
HDRPCameraType
=
HDRPCameraTypeA
??
HDRPCameraTypeB
;
Component
HDRPCameraInstance
=
HDRPCameraType
==
null
?
null
:
CaptureCamera
.
gameObject
.
GetComponent
(
HDRPCameraType
)
;
FieldInfo
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
=
HDRPCameraType
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraType
.
GetField
(
"backgroundColorHDR"
)
;
FieldInfo
HDRPCameraClearMode
=
HDRPCameraType
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraType
.
GetField
(
"clearColorMode"
)
;
// HDRP - HDAdditionalCameraData.ClearColorMode
Type
HDRPClearModeEnumA
=
Type
.
GetType
(
"UnityEngine.Rendering.HighDefinition.HDAdditionalCameraData+ClearColorMode, "
+
"Unity.RenderPipelines.HighDefinition.Runtime"
,
false
,
true
)
;
Type
HDRPClearModeEnumB
=
Type
.
GetType
(
"UnityEngine.Experimental.Rendering.HDPipeline.HDAdditionalCameraData+ClearColorMode, "
+
"Unity.RenderPipelines.HighDefinition.Runtime"
,
false
,
true
)
;
Type
HDRPClearModeEnum
=
HDRPClearModeEnumA
??
HDRPClearModeEnumB
;
object
HDRPClearModeColor
=
null
;
if
(
HDRPClearModeEnum
!=
null
&&
HDRPClearModeEnum
!=
null
)
{
try
{
HDRPClearModeColor
=
Enum
.
Parse
(
HDRPClearModeEnum
,
"Color"
)
;
}
catch
(
Exception
)
{
}
if
(
HDRPClearModeColor
==
null
)
{
try
{
HDRPClearModeColor
=
Enum
.
Parse
(
HDRPClearModeEnum
,
"BackgroundColor"
)
;
}
catch
(
Exception
)
{
}
}
}
// Temporary objects
TextureFormat
formatRGB
=
CaptureExtension
==
Extension
.
EXR
?
TextureFormat
.
RGBAFloat
:
TextureFormat
.
RGB24
;
TextureFormat
formatRGBA
=
CaptureExtension
==
Extension
.
EXR
?
TextureFormat
.
RGBAFloat
:
TextureFormat
.
ARGB32
;
RenderTexture
target
=
RenderTexture
.
GetTemporary
(
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
,
24
)
;
Texture2D
capture
=
null
;
if
(
CaptureTransparent
)
{
// Remember current settings
object
preHDRPClearColorMode
=
HDRPCameraInstance
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraClearMode
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraClearMode
.
GetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
)
;
object
preHDRPBackgroundColorHDR
=
HDRPCameraInstance
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
==
null
?
null
:
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
.
GetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
)
;
CameraClearFlags
preClearFlags
=
CaptureCamera
.
clearFlags
;
RenderTexture
preTargetTexture
=
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
;
RenderTexture
preActiveTexture
=
RenderTexture
.
active
;
Color
preBackgroundColor
=
CaptureCamera
.
backgroundColor
;
// Modify current settings
if
(
HDRPCameraInstance
!=
null
&&
HDRPCameraClearMode
!=
null
)
HDRPCameraClearMode
.
SetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
,
HDRPClearModeColor
)
;
CaptureCamera
.
clearFlags
=
CameraClearFlags
.
Color
;
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
=
target
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
target
;
// Capture screenshot with black background
if
(
HDRPCameraInstance
!=
null
&&
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
!=
null
)
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
.
SetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
,
Color
.
black
)
;
CaptureCamera
.
backgroundColor
=
Color
.
black
;
CaptureCamera
.
Render
(
)
;
Texture2D
captureBlack
=
new
Texture2D
(
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
,
formatRGB
,
false
)
;
captureBlack
.
ReadPixels
(
new
Rect
(
0f
,
0f
,
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
)
,
0
,
0
,
false
)
;
captureBlack
.
Apply
(
)
;
// Capture screenshot with white background
if
(
HDRPCameraInstance
!=
null
&&
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
!=
null
)
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
.
SetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
,
Color
.
white
)
;
CaptureCamera
.
backgroundColor
=
Color
.
white
;
CaptureCamera
.
Render
(
)
;
Texture2D
captureWhite
=
new
Texture2D
(
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
,
formatRGB
,
false
)
;
captureWhite
.
ReadPixels
(
new
Rect
(
0f
,
0f
,
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
)
,
0
,
0
,
false
)
;
captureWhite
.
Apply
(
)
;
// Create capture with transparency
capture
=
new
Texture2D
(
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
,
formatRGBA
,
false
)
;
for
(
int
x
=
0
;
x
<
CaptureWidth
;
++
x
)
{
for
(
int
y
=
0
;
y
<
CaptureHeight
;
++
y
)
{
Color
lColorWhenBlack
=
captureBlack
.
GetPixel
(
x
,
y
)
;
Color
lColorWhenWhite
=
captureWhite
.
GetPixel
(
x
,
y
)
;
float
alpha
=
1
+
lColorWhenBlack
.
r
-
lColorWhenWhite
.
r
;
Color
color
=
new
Color
(
lColorWhenBlack
.
r
/
alpha
,
lColorWhenBlack
.
g
/
alpha
,
lColorWhenBlack
.
b
/
alpha
,
alpha
)
;
capture
.
SetPixel
(
x
,
y
,
color
)
;
}
}
capture
.
Apply
(
)
;
// Cleanup
DestroyImmediate
(
captureBlack
)
;
DestroyImmediate
(
captureWhite
)
;
// Revert settings
if
(
HDRPCameraInstance
!=
null
&&
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
!=
null
)
HDRPCameraBackgroundColorHDR
.
SetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
,
preHDRPBackgroundColorHDR
)
;
if
(
HDRPCameraInstance
!=
null
&&
HDRPCameraClearMode
!=
null
)
HDRPCameraClearMode
.
SetValue
(
HDRPCameraInstance
,
preHDRPClearColorMode
)
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
preActiveTexture
;
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
=
preTargetTexture
;
CaptureCamera
.
backgroundColor
=
preBackgroundColor
;
CaptureCamera
.
clearFlags
=
preClearFlags
;
}
else
{
// Remember current settings
RenderTexture
preTargetTexture
=
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
;
RenderTexture
preActiveTexture
=
RenderTexture
.
active
;
// Modify current settings
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
=
target
;
RenderTexture
.
active
=
target
;
// Capture screenshot without transparency
CaptureCamera
.
Render
(
)
;
capture
=
new
Texture2D
(
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
,
formatRGB
,
false
)
;
capture
.
ReadPixels
(
new
Rect
(
0f
,
0f
,
CaptureWidth
,
CaptureHeight
)
,
0
,
0
,
false
)
;
capture
.
Apply
(
)
;
// Revert settings
RenderTexture
.
active
=
preActiveTexture
;
CaptureCamera
.
targetTexture
=
preTargetTexture
;
}
// Encode texture to data
byte
[
]
data
=
Encode
(
capture
,
CaptureExtension
)
;
if
(
data
!=
null
)
{
// Create filename path
CaptureLast
=
GetRenamedFilename
(
Path
.
Combine
(
CapturePath
,
GetFilename
(
)
)
)
;
string
filename
=
Path
.
GetFileName
(
CaptureLast
)
;
// Write data to path
using
(
FileStream
stream
=
new
FileStream
(
CaptureLast
,
FileMode
.
Create
)
)
{
BinaryWriter
writer
=
new
BinaryWriter
(
stream
)
;
writer
.
Write
(
data
)
;
}
// Log
Debug
.
Log
(
"Screenshot '"
+
filename
+
"' saved to '"
+
CapturePath
+
"'"
,
this
)
;
}
// Cleanup
DestroyImmediate
(
capture
)
;
RenderTexture
.
ReleaseTemporary
(
target
)
;
}
private
string
GetRenamedFilename
(
string
filename
)
{
int
count
=
1
;
string
file
=
Path
.
GetFileNameWithoutExtension
(
filename
)
;
string
extension
=
Path
.
GetExtension
(
filename
)
;
string
path
=
Path
.
GetDirectoryName
(
filename
)
;
string
renamed
=
filename
;
while
(
File
.
Exists
(
renamed
)
)
{
string
temp
=
string
.
Format
(
"{0} ({1})"
,
file
,
count
++
)
;
renamed
=
Path
.
Combine
(
path
,
temp
+
extension
)
;
}
return
renamed
;
}
private
string
GetFilename
(
)
{
string
extension
=
"."
+
CaptureExtension
.
ToString
(
)
.
ToLower
(
)
;
if
(
FilenameCustomToggle
&&
!
string
.
IsNullOrEmpty
(
FilenameCustomValue
)
)
{
if
(
FilenameCustomValue
.
ToLower
(
)
.
EndsWith
(
extension
)
)
{
return
FilenameCustomValue
;
}
else
{
return
FilenameCustomValue
+
extension
;
}
}
else
{
return
DateTime
.
Now
.
ToString
(
"yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss"
)
+
extension
;
}
}
private
static
byte
[
]
Encode
(
Texture2D
texture
,
Extension
extension
)
{
if
(
extension
==
Extension
.
TGA
)
{
MethodInfo
EncodeToTGA
=
typeof
(
ImageConversion
)
.
GetMethod
(
"EncodeToTGA"
,
BindingFlags
.
Static
|
BindingFlags
.
Public
)
;
if
(
EncodeToTGA
==
null
)
{
Debug
.
LogError
(
"TGA Encoder not found."
)
;
return
null
;
}
else
{
return
(
byte
[
]
)
EncodeToTGA
.
Invoke
(
null
,
new
object
[
]
{
texture
}
)
;
}
}
else
{
switch
(
extension
)
{
default
:
case
Extension
.
PNG
:
return
texture
.
EncodeToPNG
(
)
;
case
Extension
.
EXR
:
return
texture
.
EncodeToEXR
(
Texture2D
.
EXRFlags
.
CompressZIP
)
;
case
Extension
.
JPG
:
return
texture
.
EncodeToJPG
(
)
;
}
}
}
}
2、第二步，我们如果需要渲染成图的内容，只要设置单独相机渲染。其他的设置按照图中设置即可。以Unity-Chan 角色为例。 3、运行项目，最终得到效果图。 最后，如果想深度学习的同伴，可以直接下载项目工程学习哈！GitHub项目工程地址：
https://github.com/haili1234/ScreenShotExample
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