# 2021-01-07 #「GitLab CI/CI」- 概念及架构（学习笔记）

GitLab CI/CD

GitLab CI/CD is a tool built into GitLab for software development through the continuous methodologies:
Continuous Integration (CI)
Continuous Delivery (CD)
Continuous Deployment (CD)

GitLab Runner

GitLab Runner is an application that works with GitLab CI/CD to run jobs in a pipeline.

Executors

GitLab Runner implements a number of executors that can be used to run your builds in different scenarios.

Registering runners

Registering a runner is the process that binds the runner with a GitLab instance.

操作流程概述

如何使用 GitLab CI/CD 进行 CI/CD 操作（这里只复述大致流程）？

1）前期设置（需要管理权限）：

在某主机中，运行 gitlab-runner 进程
执行 gitlab-runner register 以向 gitlab 注册 executor 实例（可以注册各种 executor 类型）

2）开发使用：

在项目仓库中，定义 .gitlab.yml 文件
当提交后，将触发作业，开始执行流水线；

 

如下是对上述流程的补充说明，用于辅助我们理解 GitLab CI/CD 是什么：
1）对于 .gitlab.yml 文件，其内容多是 Shell 脚本，以及定义脚本的执行流程和执行条件等等；
2）可以向 gitlab 注册多个 executor 实例：SSH Executor 将在远程主机中执行命令；Docker Executor 将在容器中执行命令；
3）术语 gitlab-runner 与 executor 经常会被混淆；

参考文献

K4NZ/概念及架构（学习笔记）
Executors | GitLab
GitLab Runner | GitLab
Registering runners | GitLab