Linux Kernel Tips

本文介绍了x86架构下的中断机制,包括256种中断向量的分类及用途,详细解释了异常、非屏蔽中断、屏蔽中断及软中断的概念。特别关注Linux系统调用的实现方式,通过int 0x80指令触发内核态切换。

EIP寄存器 指令指针寄存器 只想下一条指令的偏移地址 这个偏移是相对于基址寄存器CS而言的




中断向量

x86 系列微机共支持 256 种向量中断

256 种中断可分为两大类:异常和中断。异常又分为故障( Fault )和陷阱 (Trap)

中断又分为外部可屏蔽中断 INTR )和外部非屏蔽中断 NMI ),所有 I/O 设备产生的中断请求( IRQ )均引起屏蔽中断,而紧急的事件(如硬件故障)引起的故障产生非屏蔽中断。

·      0~31 的向量对应于异常和非屏蔽中断。

·      32~47 的向量(即由I/O 设备引起的中断)分配给屏蔽中断。

·      剩余的从 48~255 的向量用来标识软中断。 Linux 只用了其中的一个(即 128 0x80 向量)用来实现系统调用。当用户态下的进程执行一条 int 0x80 汇编指令时, CPU 就切换到内核态,并开始执行 system_call(  ) 内核函数。

### BC Linux 7.6 Documentation and Resources BC Linux is a distribution that closely follows the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) ecosystem while providing compatibility with CentOS. For users interested in BC Linux 7.6, several key points can be highlighted regarding its documentation and available resources. #### Official Documentation The official website of BC Linux should provide comprehensive installation guides, system administration manuals, and troubleshooting tips specific to version 7.6[^1]. This includes detailed instructions on setting up environments similar to those recommended for other distributions like CentOS 7.5 or 7.6 which are noted for their stability when deploying systems such as Kubernetes clusters[^2]. #### Community Support Community forums and mailing lists associated with BC Linux serve as valuable platforms where users share experiences, ask questions, and receive support from peers who have encountered similar challenges during deployment and management tasks. These communities often mirror the vibrant exchange found within broader Linux user groups focused on enterprise-level operating systems[^3]. #### Compatibility Considerations Given the close relationship between BC Linux and RHEL/CentOS, many tutorials written for these distributions will apply directly or require minimal adjustments for use with BC Linux 7.6. Specifically, guidance related to kernel upgrades, Docker deployments, and Kubernetes setups provided by sources discussing Centos 7.6 would likely prove useful here too[^4]. ```bash # Example command to check installed packages relevant to BC Linux 7.6 rpm -qa | grep bc-linux ```
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