本文介绍了多倍体形成的过程，包括自多倍体化（由单一基因组加倍导致的全基因组加倍）和异源多倍体化（由两个不同亲本基因组合并导致的全基因组加倍）。文中还探讨了新功能化、亚功能化及亚新功能化等现象，并解释了同源染色体的概念。
paralogon: duplicated genomic region
autopolyploidization: WGD due to doubling of a single genome
allopolyploidization: WGD caused by merging two divergent parental genomes
neofunctionalization: acquisition of new function
subfunctionalization: loss of the subfunctions
subneofunctionalization: a mix of both
Allopolyploid formation is
similar in that species A and B hybridize; however,
unlike homoploid hybrid speciation, allopolyploid
formation involves chromosome doubling. The
resultant allopolyploid species combines the entire
nuclear genomes of both parental species.
Homeologs:
chromosomes (and the genes that reside on them) in an allopolyploid that are similar due to shared evolutionary descent;
for example,
chromosome pair 1 of parental species A is homeologous to chromosome pair 1 of parental species B in allopolyploid species AB
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