C语言实现PING命令

/*
name: tyler
学号：001
time：2019/11/26  12:34
*/
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Winsock2.h>
#include<WS2tcpip.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<MSWSOCK.H>
#pragma comment(lib,"WS2_32.lib")


#define DEF_ICMP_TIMEOUT 3000  //定义超时为3秒
#define ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST 8 //定义回显请求类型
#define DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE 20 //定义发送数据长度
#define DEF_ICMP_PACK_SIZE 32 //定义数据包长度
#define MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE 1024 //定义最大数据包长度
#define ICMP_ECHO_REPLY 0 //定义回显应答类型

/*
 *IP报头结构
 */
typedef struct
{
	byte h_len_ver; //IP版本号
	byte tos; // 服务类型
	unsigned short total_len; //IP包总长度
	unsigned short ident; // 标识
	unsigned short frag_and_flags; //标志位
	byte ttl; //生存时间
	byte proto; //协议
	unsigned short cksum; //IP首部校验和
	unsigned long sourceIP; //源IP地址
	unsigned long destIP; //目的IP地址
} IP_HEADER;
/*
 *定义ICMP数据类型
 */
typedef struct
{
	byte type; //类型-----8
	byte code; //代码-----8
	unsigned short cksum; //校验和------16
	unsigned short id; //标识符-------16
	unsigned short seq; //序列号------16
	unsigned int choose; //选项-------32
} ICMP_HEADER;
typedef struct
{
	int usSeqNo; //记录序列号
	DWORD dwRoundTripTime; //记录当前时间
	byte ttl; //生存时间
	IN_ADDR dwIPaddr; //源IP地址
} DECODE_RESULT;

//产生网际校验和
unsigned short GenerateChecksum(unsigned short *pBuf, int iSize) {
	unsigned long cksum = 0;
	while (iSize > 1) {
		cksum += *pBuf++;//将待校验的数据每16位逐位相加保存在cksum中
		iSize -= sizeof(unsigned short);//每16位加完则将带校验数据量减16
	}
	//
	if (iSize) {
		cksum += *(unsigned char *)pBuf;
	}
	cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
	cksum += (cksum >> 16);

	return (unsigned short)(~cksum);
}

//解析应答信息
int DecodeIcmpResponse(char *pBuf, int iPacketSize, DECODE_RESULT *stDecodeResult)
{
	//获取收到的IP数据包的首部信息
	IP_HEADER *pIpHrd = (IP_HEADER *)pBuf;
	int iIpHrdLen = 20;
	if (iPacketSize < (int)(iIpHrdLen + sizeof(ICMP_HEADER))) {
		return 0;
	}
	//指针指向ICMP报文的首地址
	ICMP_HEADER *pIcmpHrd = (ICMP_HEADER *)(pBuf + iIpHrdLen);
	unsigned short usID, usSquNo;
	//获取的数据包的type字段为ICMP_ECHO_REPLY,即受到一个回显应答的报文
	if (pIcmpHrd->type == ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) {
		usID = pIcmpHrd->id;
		//接受到的是网络字节顺序的seq字段信息，需要转成主机字节顺序
		usSquNo = ntohs(pIcmpHrd->seq);
	}
	if (usID != GetCurrentProcessId() || usSquNo != stDecodeResult->usSeqNo) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (pIcmpHrd->type == ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) {
		stDecodeResult->ttl = pIpHrd->ttl;
		stDecodeResult->dwIPaddr.s_addr = pIpHrd->sourceIP;
		stDecodeResult->dwRoundTripTime = GetTickCount() - stDecodeResult->dwRoundTripTime;
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

//填充目的的socket
int CreateSocket(unsigned long ulDestIP) {
	//填充目的的socket
	SOCKADDR_IN destSockAddr;
	ZeroMemory(&destSockAddr, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
	destSockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	destSockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = ulDestIP;
	destSockAddr.sin_port = htons(0);

	//定义发送的数据段
	char IcmpSendBuf[DEF_ICMP_PACK_SIZE];
	//填充ICMP数据包各字段
	ICMP_HEADER * pIcmpHeader = (ICMP_HEADER *)IcmpSendBuf;
	pIcmpHeader->type = ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST;
	pIcmpHeader->code = 0;
	pIcmpHeader->id = (unsigned short)GetCurrentProcessId();
	memset(IcmpSendBuf + sizeof(ICMP_HEADER), 'E', DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE);

	//初始化WinSock
	WORD wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA wsaData;
	if (WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData) != 0)
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	//使用ICMP协议创建Raw Socket
	SOCKET sockRaw = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP, NULL, 0, WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
	//SOCKET sockRaw = WSASocketA(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP, NULL, 0, WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
	if (sockRaw == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("WSASocket() failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
		return FALSE;
	}
	//设置端口属性
	int iTimeout = DEF_ICMP_TIMEOUT;
	if (setsockopt(sockRaw, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char *)&iTimeout, sizeof(iTimeout)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
		printf("设置SO_RCVTIMEO失败\n");
	}

	//循环发送4个请求回显icmp数据包
	DECODE_RESULT stDecodeResult;
	int usSeqNo;
	for (usSeqNo = 0;usSeqNo <= 3;usSeqNo++) {
		pIcmpHeader->seq = htons(usSeqNo);
		pIcmpHeader->cksum = 0;
		pIcmpHeader->cksum = GenerateChecksum((unsigned short *)IcmpSendBuf, sizeof(ICMP_HEADER) + DEF_ICMP_DATA_SIZE);

		//记录序列号和当前时间
		stDecodeResult.usSeqNo = usSeqNo;
		stDecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime = GetTickCount();
		//发送ICMP的EchoRequest数据包
		if (sendto(sockRaw, IcmpSendBuf, sizeof(IcmpSendBuf), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&destSockAddr, sizeof(destSockAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
			//如果主机不可达则直接退出
			if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAEHOSTUNREACH) {
				return FALSE;
			}
		}
		SOCKADDR_IN from;
		int iFromLen = sizeof(from);
		int iReadLen;
		//定义接收的数据包
		char IcmpRecvBuf[MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE];
		while (1) {
			iReadLen = recvfrom(sockRaw, IcmpRecvBuf, MAX_ICMP_PACKET_SIZE, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&from, &iFromLen);
			if (iReadLen != SOCKET_ERROR) {//正确接受到一个ICMP报文
				if (DecodeIcmpResponse(IcmpRecvBuf, sizeof(IcmpRecvBuf), &stDecodeResult) == 1)
				{
					printf("来自 %s 的回复: 字节 = %d 时间 = %dms TTL = %d\n", inet_ntoa(stDecodeResult.dwIPaddr),
						iReadLen - 20, stDecodeResult.dwRoundTripTime, stDecodeResult.ttl);
				}
				break;
			}
			else if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) {//接受超时
				printf("time out !\n");
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("发生未知错误！\n");
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	printf("\nping complete.\n");
	closesocket(sockRaw);
	WSACleanup();
	system("PAUSE");//important
	return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	//char *arr = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char));
	char arr[20];
	unsigned long ulDestIP;//ip地址
	if (argv[1] != NULL) {
		printf("ERROR!");
	}
	else {
		printf("请输入ip地址：");
		scanf("%s", arr);
		//arr = "172.26.39.82";//此地址为本人手机IP地址
		ulDestIP = inet_addr(arr);
	}
	CreateSocket(ulDestIP);
	return 0;
}