关于汽车颜色识别

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-25 10:50:27 发布

sophia_xw

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-25 10:50:27 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/sophia_xw/article/details/70168564

本文介绍了一个基于HSV颜色空间的小程序，该程序能够识别并判断输入图片中的汽车颜色属于九种常见颜色中的哪一种。通过将RGB图像转换为HSV颜色模型，并利用预设的颜色范围阈值进行像素级比对，最终输出最有可能的颜色类别。

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#1，首先说说我自己做的一个小程序

有参考优快云中的一篇博客，具体文章链接找不到了。

主要思想：将RGB颜色空间中的图像转换到HSV空间，根据常见九种颜色的H、S、V范围来判断给定图像中的汽车最大概率属于哪种色系的车。

常见颜色的HSV范围：（也是参考的网上的为主）

程序接口：【输入】Mat类型，汽车图片的patch；【输出】string类型，上面九种颜色中的一种；

算法流程图：

#2，存在的问题

可能原因：我个人觉得，HSV空间中的值与实际肉眼中的颜色并不是线性的映射关系，所以单纯用一个线性范围来给出一中颜色的HSV值是有问题的，实验结果也验证了我这个猜想。很多车子在进去检测时都会有误，如下给出几种：

尽管代码有问题，但还是在此贴出，以备之后改进：

/***********************************
-----------------------------------

Name:  sophia
Date:  20161206
Email: hxinwen1218@sina.com

-----------------------------------
Function: Reco
Identification the color of the cars.

************************************/

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<conio.h>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;


string ImgClass(Mat image);

/*
number	color
0		blue;
1		orange;
2		yellow;
3		green;
4		violet
5		red;
6		white;
7		grey;
8		black;
9		red;
*/

int main(){
	while (1)
	{ 
		string img_name;
		cout << "Please enter the name of the image: " << endl;
		cin >> img_name;
		string imgN = img_name + ".jpg";
		Mat img = imread(imgN);
		string className;

		className=ImgClass(img);

		cout << "The class of the car is: " << className << endl;


		char ch;
		ch = _getch();
		if (ch == 27)
			break;
		else
			continue;
	}

	system("Pause");
	return 0;
}

string ImgClass(Mat image){
	int classNum = 10;
	int lowH, highH, lowS, highS, lowV, highV;
	vector<double> ptRate(classNum, 0.0);
	string outClass;

	for (int ic = 0; ic < classNum; ic++)
	{
		switch (ic)
		{
		case 0://blue
			lowH = 100;
			highH = 124;
			lowS = 63;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 76;
			highV = 220;
			break;
		case 1://orange
			lowH = 11;
			highH = 25;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 2://yellow
			lowH = 22;
			highH = 37;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 3:
			lowH = 35;
			highH = 77;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 4:
			lowH = 125;
			highH = 155;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 5:
			lowH = 0;
			highH = 10;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 6://white
			lowH = 0;
			highH = 180;
			lowS = 0;
			highS = 25;
			lowV = 225;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		case 7://grey
			lowH = 0;
			highH = 180;
			lowS = 28;
			highS = 40;
			lowV = 30;
			highV = 221;
			break;
		case 8://black
			lowH = 0;
			highH = 180;
			lowS = 0;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 0;
			highV = 30;
			break;
		case 9://red
			lowH = 156;
			highH = 180;
			lowS = 43;
			highS = 255;
			lowV = 46;
			highV = 255;
			break;
		}

		Mat imgHSV;
		vector<Mat> hsvSplit;
		cvtColor(image, imgHSV, COLOR_BGR2HSV);

		split(imgHSV, hsvSplit);
		equalizeHist(hsvSplit[2], hsvSplit[2]);
		merge(hsvSplit, imgHSV);

		Mat imgThresholded;
		inRange(imgHSV, Scalar(lowH, lowS, lowV), Scalar(highH, highS, highV), imgThresholded);

		int nonZeroNum = 0;
		vector<Mat> channelsImg;
		split(imgThresholded, channelsImg);
		Mat_<uchar> imgResult = channelsImg[0];
		for (int ia = 0; ia < imgResult.rows; ia++)
			for (int ib = 0; ib < imgResult.cols; ib++)
				if (imgResult(ia, ib) != 0)
					nonZeroNum++;

		double rateCac = (double)nonZeroNum / (double)(imgResult.rows*imgResult.cols);
		ptRate[ic] = rateCac;
	}

	double curRate = 0.0;
	int classN;
	for (int id = 0; id < ptRate.size(); id++)
	{
		if (ptRate[id] > curRate)
		{
			curRate = ptRate[id];
			classN = id;
		}
	}
	
	switch (classN){
	case 0:
		outClass = "blue";
		break;
	case 1:
		outClass = "orange";
		break;
	case 2:
		outClass = "yellow";
		break;
	case 3:
		outClass = "green";
		break;
	case 4:
		outClass = "violet";
		break;
	case 5:
		outClass = "red";
		break;
	case 6:
		outClass = "white";
		break;
	case 7:
		outClass = "grey";
		break;
	case 8:
		outClass = "black";
		break;
	case 9:
		outClass = "red";
	}

	return outClass;
}

如果您有更好的想法，请多多指教！