DataGridView新特色、常用操作

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-23 15:02:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-02-23 15:02:25 发布

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本文介绍了 Windows Forms 中 DataGridView 控件的各种高级应用技巧，包括自定义列、自动适应列宽、绑定对象、改变线条风格、动态调整列显示、显示图像、格式化数据、冻结列、错误处理等。

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1、自定义列

Customize Cells and Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control by Extending Their
    Behavior and Appearance
    Host Controls in Windows Forms DataGridView Cells
    继承 DataGridViewTextBoxCell 类生成新的Cell类，然后再继承 DataGridViewColumn 生成新的Column类，并指定
    CellTemplate为新的Cell类。新生成的Column便可以增加到DataGridView中去。

2、自动适应列宽

Programmatically Resize Cells to Fit Content in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：

DataGridView.AutoSizeColumns(
       DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderAndDisplayedRows);
DataGridView.AutoSizeColumn(
            DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderOnly,
            2, false);
DataGridView.AutoSizeRow(
            DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.Columns,
            2, false);
DataGridView.AutoSizeRows(
          DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.HeaderAndColumns,
            0, dataGridView1.Rows.Count, false);

3、可以绑定并显示对象
    Bind Objects to Windows Forms DataGridView Controls

4、可以改变表格线条风格
    Change the Border and Gridline Styles in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples:

this.dataGridView1.GridColor = Color.BlueViolet;
this.dataGridView1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.Fixed3D;
this.dataGridView1.CellBorderStyle = DataGridViewCellBorderStyle.None;
this.dataGridView1.RowHeadersBorderStyle = DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;
this.dataGridView1.ColumnHeadersBorderStyle = DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;

5、动态改变列是否显示，和动态改变列的显示顺序
Change the Order of the Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Samples：

customersDataGridView.Columns["CustomerID"].Visible = false;
customersDataGridView.Columns["ContactName"].DisplayIndex = 0;
customersDataGridView.Columns["ContactTitle"].DisplayIndex = 1;
customersDataGridView.Columns["City"].DisplayIndex = 2;
customersDataGridView.Columns["Country"].DisplayIndex = 3;
customersDataGridView.Columns["CompanyName"].DisplayIndex = 4;

6、可以在列中显示图像
Display Images in Cells of the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Samples：

Icon treeIcon = new Icon(this.GetType(), "tree.ico");
DataGridViewImageColumn iconColumn = new DataGridViewImageColumn();
iconColumn.Image = treeIcon.ToBitmap();
iconColumn.Name = "Tree";
iconColumn.HeaderText = "Nice tree";
dataGridView1.Columns.Insert(2, iconColumn);

7、格式化显示内容:
Format Data in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Samples:

this.dataGridView1.Columns["UnitPrice"].DefaultCellStyle.Format = "c";
this.dataGridView1.Columns["ShipDate"].DefaultCellStyle.Format = "d";
this.dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.NullValue = "no entry";
this.dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.WrapMode = DataGridViewWrapMode.Wrap;
this.dataGridView1.Columns["CustomerName"].DefaultCellStyle.Alignment =
                     DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleRight;

8、在拖动列的滚动条时可以将指定的列冻结
Freeze Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Samples：将指定列及以前的列固定不动

this.dataGridView1.Columns["AddToCartButton"].Frozen = true;

9、获取选择的单元格,行,列
    Get the Selected Cells, Rows, and Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples:
       见msdn。

10、显示录入时出现的错误信息
    Handle Errors that Occur During Data Entry in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：

private void dataGridView1_DataError(object sender,
    DataGridViewDataErrorEventArgs e)
{
    // If the data source raises an exception when a cell value is 
    // commited, display an error message.
    if (e.Exception != null &&
        e.Context == DataGridViewDataErrorContext.Commit)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("CustomerID value must be unique.");
    }
}

11、大数据量显示采用Virtual Mode
    Implement Virtual Mode in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

12、设置指定的列只读
    Make Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control Read-Only
    Samples：

dataGridView1.Columns["CompanyName"].ReadOnly = true;

13、移去自动生成的列
Remove Autogenerated Columns from a Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Sample:

dataGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns = true;
dataGridView1.DataSource = customerDataSet;
dataGridView1.Columns.Remove("Fax");

或：

dataGridView1.Columns["CustomerID"].Visible = false;

14、自定义选择模式
Set the Selection Mode of the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Sample：

this.dataGridView1.SelectionMode = DataGridViewSelectionMode.FullRowSelect;
this.dataGridView1.MultiSelect = false;

15、自定义设定光标进入单元格是否编辑模式（编辑模式）
Specify the Edit Mode for the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

this.dataGridView1.EditMode = DataGridViewEditMode.EditOnEnter;

16、新行指定默认值
Specify Default Values for New Rows in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Sample：

private void dataGridView1_DefaultValuesNeeded(object sender, 
    System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewRowEventArgs e)
{
    e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "WA";
    e.Row.Cells["City"].Value = "Redmond";
    e.Row.Cells["PostalCode"].Value = "98052-6399";
    e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "NA";
    e.Row.Cells["Country"].Value = "USA";
    e.Row.Cells["CustomerID"].Value = NewCustomerId();
}

17、数据验证
Validate Data in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
Samples：

private void dataGridView1_CellValidating(object sender,
           DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e)
{
    // Validate the CompanyName entry by disallowing empty strings.
    if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name == "CompanyName")
    {
        if (e.FormattedValue.ToString() == String.Empty)
        {
            dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText =
                "Company Name must not be empty";
            e.Cancel = true;
        }
    }
}