ubuntu 下MySQL出现乱码的解决方法以及如何设置编码方式

环境：
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
5.7.19 MySQL Community Server

采用apt-get 安装MySQL默认编码是

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

注意：修改前请做好备份！！
修改编码为utf8

sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]
character_set_server  =  utf8
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
log-error       = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# By default we only accept connections from localhost
bind-address    = 127.0.0.1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

在[mysqld]下添加 character_set_server = utf8
注意：
有关 Server System Variables 请参考官方文档：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

上面 修改编码是添加character_set_server 而不是default-character-set

重启MySQL生效：

systemctl restart mysql.service

参考：
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xlgen157387/article/details/52781632

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/wangchangshuai0010/article/details/12714575