You are climbing a stair case. It takes n steps to reach to the top.
Each time you can either climb 1 or 2 steps. In how many distinct ways can you climb to the top?
Note: Given n will be a positive integer.
Example 1:
Input: 2
Output: 2
Explanation: There are two ways to climb to the top.
- 1 step + 1 step
- 2 steps
Example 2:
Input: 3
Output: 3
Explanation: There are three ways to climb to the top.
- 1 step + 1 step + 1 step
- 1 step + 2 steps
- 2 steps + 1 step
1.回溯 – 递归
class Solution:
def climbStairs(self, n):
"""
:type n: int
:rtype: int
"""
#疯狂的递归
if n==0 or n==1:
return 1
return self.climbStairs(n-2)+self.climbStairs(n-1)
2.动态规划
f(n)=f(n-1)+f(n-2)
f(n):表示到第n阶的总走法个数
可以用递归做也可以用循环做,递归做会重复计算所以尽量不要递归,循环做的时候,由于之和前两个状态有关,所以可以只用两个变量即可,不一定非要用一个数组保存结果。
循环解法,用数组保存,python代码:
class Solution(object):
def climbStairs(self, n):
"""
:type n: int
:rtype: int
"""
if n<=2:
return n
mem = [0]*n
mem[0]=1
mem[1]=2
for i in range(2,n):
mem[i]=mem[i-1]+mem[i-2]
return mem[-1]
用两个变量:
class Solution(object):
def climbStairs(self, n):
"""
:type n: int
:rtype: int
"""
pre = cur = 1
for i in xrange(1, n):
pre, cur = cur, pre+cur
return cur
python中交换两个变量不需要申请一个中间变量temp:
x,y=y,x