17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number
Given a digit string, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.
A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below.
Input:Digit string "23"
Output: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].
解法
回溯法
建立一个Character到char[]的map
当sb增加时,根据sb的长度选择要添加的key对应的字符,比如digits=“234”,比如sb的长度是1,digits.charAt(1)=3;sb的长度是0,digits.charAt(0)=2; map.get(digits.charAt(0)) ={‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’}。依次添加的是a->d->g, a->d->h, a->d->i, a->e->g, a->e->h,….,c->f->i。
public class Solution {
public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
List<String> ret = new ArrayList<>();
if (digits == null || digits.length() == 0) {
return ret;
}
Map<Character, char[]> map = new HashMap<Character, char[]>();
map.put('0', new char[]{});
map.put('1', new char[]{});
map.put('2', new char[]{'a', 'b', 'c'});
map.put('3', new char[]{'d', 'e', 'f'});
map.put('4', new char[]{'g', 'h', 'i'});
map.put('5', new char[] { 'j', 'k', 'l' });
map.put('6', new char[] { 'm', 'n', 'o' });
map.put('7', new char[] { 'p', 'q', 'r', 's' });
map.put('8', new char[] { 't', 'u', 'v'});
map.put('9', new char[] { 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z' });
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
helper(map, digits, sb, ret);
return ret;
}
private void helper(Map<Character, char[]> map, String digits, StringBuilder sb,
List<String> result) {
if (sb.length() == digits.length()) {
result.add(sb.toString());
return;
}
for (char c : map.get(digits.charAt(sb.length()))) {
sb.append(c);
helper(map, digits, sb, result);
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
}
}
}