_stati64()获取文件信息

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分类专栏： C&amp;C++ 文章标签： file structure path statistics struct buffer

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本文介绍了如何使用_stati64函数获取文件的详细信息，包括文件大小、最后访问时间、创建时间等。该函数会将结果存储在提供的缓冲区中。同时提到了_wstat函数，它是_wstat的宽字符版本，不处理多字节字符串。文件状态结构包括st_gid、st_atime、st_ctime、st_dev等多个字段，分别代表文件所属组、最后访问时间、创建时间和设备号等。

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Get status information on a file.

int _stat( const char *path, struct _stat *buffer );

__int64 _stati64( const char *path, struct _stat *buffer );

int _wstat( const wchar_t *path, struct _stat *buffer );

__int64 _wstati64( const wchar_t *path, struct _stat *buffer );

Routine	Required Header	Optional Headers	Compatibility
_stat	<sys/types.h> followed by <sys/stat.h>	<errno.h>	Win 95, Win NT
_wstat	<sys/types.h> followed by <sys/stat.h> or <wchar.h>	<errno.h>	Win NT
_stati64	<sys/types.h> followed by <sys/stat.h>	<errno.h>	Win 95, Win NT
_wstati64	<sys/types.h> followed by <sys/stat.h> or <wchar.h>	<errno.h>	Win NT

For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Libraries

LIBC.LIB	Single thread static library, retail version
LIBCMT.LIB	Multithread static library, retail version
MSVCRT.LIB	Import library for MSVCRT.DLL, retail version

Return Value

Each of these functions returns 0 if the file-status information is obtained. A return value of –1 indicates an error, in which case errno is set to ENOENT, indicating that the filename or path could not be found.

Parameters

path

Path of existing file

buffer

Pointer to structure that stores results

Remarks

The _stat function obtains information about the file or directory specified by path and stores it in the structure pointed to by buffer. _stat automatically handles multibyte-character string arguments as appropriate, recognizing multibyte-character sequences according to the multibyte code page currently in use.

_wstat is a wide-character version of _stat; the path argument to _wstat is a wide-character string. _wstat and _stat behave identically except that _wstat does not handle multibyte-character strings.

Generic-Text Routine Mappings

TCHAR.H Routine	_UNICODE & _MBCS Not Defined	_MBCS Defined	_UNICODE Defined
_tstat	_stat	_stat	_wstat
_tstati64	_stati64	_stati64	_wstati64

The _stat structure, defined in SYS/STAT.H, includes the following fields.

st_gid

Numeric identifier of group that owns file (UNIX-specific) This field will always be zero on NT systems. A redirected file is classified as an NT file.

st_atime

Time of last access of file.

st_ctime

Time of creation of file.

st_dev

Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_rdev).

st_ino

Number of the information node (the inode) for the file (UNIX-specific). On UNIX file systems, the inode describes the file date and time stamps, permissions, and content. When files are hard-linked to one another, they share the same inode. The inode, and therefore st_ino, has no meaning in the FAT, HPFS, or NTFS file systems.

st_mode

Bit mask for file-mode information. The _S_IFDIR bit is set if path specifies a directory; the _S_IFREG bit is set if path specifies an ordinary file or a device. User read/write bits are set according to the file’s permission mode; user execute bits are set according to the filename extension.

st_mtime

Time of last modification of file.

st_nlink

Always 1 on non-NTFS file systems.

st_rdev

Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_dev).

st_size

Size of the file in bytes; a 64-bit integer for _stati64 and _wstati64

st_uid

Numeric identifier of user who owns file (UNIX-specific). This field will always be zero on NT systems. A redirected file is classified as an NT file.

If path refers to a device, the size, time, _dev, and _rdev fields in the _stat structure are meaningless. Because STAT.H uses the _dev_t type that is defined in TYPES.H, you must include TYPES.H before STAT.H in your code.

Example

/* STAT.C: This program uses the _stat function to
 * report information about the file named STAT.C.
 */

#include <time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main( void )
{
   struct _stat buf;
   int result;
   char buffer[] = "A line to output";

   /* Get data associated with "stat.c": */
   result = _stat( "stat.c", &buf );

   /* Check if statistics are valid: */
   if( result != 0 )
      perror( "Problem getting information" );
   else
   {
      /* Output some of the statistics: */
      printf( "File size     : %ld/n", buf.st_size );
      printf( "Drive         : %c:/n", buf.st_dev + 'A' );
      printf( "Time modified : %s", ctime( &buf.st_atime ) );
   }
}

Output

File size     : 745
Drive         : C:
Time modified : Tue May 03 00:00:00 1994

File Handling Routines

See Also _access, _fstat, _getmbcp, _setmbcp