_stat, _wstat, _stati64, _wstati64

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#file #statistics #structure #permissions #output #path

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博客介绍了SYS/STAT.H中定义的_stat结构，包含st_gid、st_atime等多个字段，说明了各字段含义，如文件所属组、最后访问时间等，还指出若路径指向设备，部分字段无意义，且代码中需先包含TYPES.H再包含STAT.H。

The _stat structure, defined in SYS/STAT.H, includes the following fields.

st_gid

Numeric identifier of group that owns file (UNIX-specific) This field will always be zero on NT systems. A redirected file is classified as an NT file.

st_atime

Time of last access of file.

st_ctime

Time of creation of file.

st_dev

Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_rdev).

st_ino

Number of the information node (the inode) for the file (UNIX-specific). On UNIX file systems, the inode describes the file date and time stamps, permissions, and content. When files are hard-linked to one another, they share the same inode. The inode, and therefore st_ino, has no meaning in the FAT, HPFS, or NTFS file systems.

st_mode

Bit mask for file-mode information. The _S_IFDIR bit is set if path specifies a directory; the _S_IFREG bit is set if path specifies an ordinary file or a device. User read/write bits are set according to the file’s permission mode; user execute bits are set according to the filename extension.

st_mtime

Time of last modification of file.

st_nlink

Always 1 on non-NTFS file systems.

st_rdev

Drive number of the disk containing the file (same as st_dev).

st_size

Size of the file in bytes; a 64-bit integer for _stati64 and _wstati64

st_uid

Numeric identifier of user who owns file (UNIX-specific). This field will always be zero on NT systems. A redirected file is classified as an NT file.

If path refers to a device, the size, time, _dev, and _rdev fields in the _stat structure are meaningless. Because STAT.H uses the _dev_t type that is defined in TYPES.H, you must include TYPES.H before STAT.H in your code.

Example

/* STAT.C: This program uses the _stat function to
 * report information about the file named STAT.C.
 */

#include <time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main( void )
{
   struct _stat buf;
   int result;
   char buffer[] = "A line to output";

   /* Get data associated with "stat.c": */
   result = _stat( "stat.c", &buf );

   /* Check if statistics are valid: */
   if( result != 0 )
      perror( "Problem getting information" );
   else
   {
      /* Output some of the statistics: */
      printf( "File size     : %ld/n", buf.st_size );
      printf( "Drive         : %c:/n", buf.st_dev + 'A' );
      printf( "Time modified : %s", ctime( &buf.st_atime ) );
   }
}

Output

File size     : 745
Drive         : C:
Time modified : Tue May 03 00:00:00 1994