导入模块：
定义主程序及菜单。
import os.path
filename = 'student.txt'
def main():
while True:
menu()
choice = int(input('请选择'))
if choice in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
if choice == 0:
answer = input('您确定退出系统吗?y/n')
if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y':
print('谢谢使用！')
break # 退出系统
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() # 录入学生信息
elif choice == 2:
search() # 查找学生信息
elif choice == 3:
delete() # 删除学生信息
elif choice == 4:
modify() # 修改学生信息
elif choice == 5:
sort() # 排序
elif choice == 6: # 统计学生总人数
total()
elif choice == 7: # 显示所有学生信息
show()
def menu():
print('========================================学生信息管理系统========================================')
print('--------------------------------------功能菜单---------------------------------------')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t1、录入学生信息')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t2、查找学生信息')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t3、删除学生信息')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t4、修改学生信息')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t5、排序')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t6、统计学生总人数')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t7、显示所有学生信息')
print('\t\t\t\t\t\t0、退出')
print('------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
插入，删除，修改等功能：
def insert():
student_list = []
while True:
id = input('请输入ID(如1001):')
if not id: # 空字符串退出
break
name = input('请输入姓名:')
if not name:
break
try:
englist = int(input('请输入英语成绩'))
python = int(input('请输入python成绩'))
java = int(input('请输入java成绩'))
except:
print('输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入')
continue
# 将录入信息保存到字典
student = {'id': id, 'name': name, 'english': englist, 'python': python, 'java': java}
# 将学生信息添加到列表
student_list.append(student)
answer = input('是否继续添加？y/n\n')
if answer == 'y':
continue
else:
break
# 调用save（）函数
save(student_list)
print('学生信息录入完毕')
def save(lst):
try:
stu_txt = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
except:
stu_txt = open(filename, 'w', encoding='UTF-8')
for item in lst:
stu_txt.write(str(item) + '\n')
stu_txt.close()
def search():
student_query = []
id = ''
name = ''
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode = input('按照id查询请按1，按照姓名查询请按2')
if mode == '1':
id = input('请输入id')
elif mode == '2':
name = input('请输入姓名')
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入')
search()
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as r:
student = r.readlines()
for item in student:
d = dict(eval(item))
if id != '':
if d['id'] == id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name != '':
if d['name'] == name:
student_query.append(d)
# 显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
# 清空列表
student_query.clear()
answer = input('是否继续查询？y/n\t')
if answer == 'y':
search()
else:
print('暂未保存学生信息')
return
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst) == 0:
print('没有查询到学生信息，无数据显示！')
return
# 定义标题显示格式
format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
print(format_title.format('id', '姓名', '英语成绩', 'Python成绩', 'Java成绩', '总成绩'))
# 定义内容显示格式
format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^5}\t{:^9}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),
item['name'],
item['english'],
item['python'],
item['java'],
int(item['english']) + int(item['python']) + int(item['java'])
))
def delete():
while True:
student_id = input('请输入要删除学生的id：')
if student_id != '':
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r", encoding='utf-8') as file:
student_old = file.readlines()
else:
student_old = []
flag = False # 标记是否删除
if student_old: # 空列表布尔值为False
with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as w:
d = {}
for item in student_old:
d =eval(item) # 将字符串转成字典
if d['id'] != student_id:
w.write(str(d) + '\n') # 遍历所有信息，把不删除的都写入
else:
flag = True
if flag:
print(f'id为 {student_id}的学生信息已被删除')
else:
print(f'没有找到id为{student_id}的学生信息')
else:
print('无学生信息')
break
show() # 删除之后要显示所有学生信息
answer = input('是否继续删除y/n\n')
if answer == 'y':
continue
else:
break
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as r:
student_old = r.readlines()
else:
print('no data')
return
student_id = input('请输入要修改的学生id：')
with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as w:
for item in student_old:
d = dict(eval(item))
if d['id'] == student_id:
print('找到学生信息，可以修改')
while True:
try:
d['name'] = input('请输入姓名')
d['english'] = input('请输入英语成绩')
d['python'] = input('请输入python成绩')
d['java'] = input('请输入java成绩')
break # 要结束死循环，要退出
except:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入！！！')
w.write(str(d) + '\n')
print('修改成功')
else:
w.write(str(d) + '\n')
print('no student data')
answer = input('是否继续修改其他信息y/n\n')
if answer == 'y':
modify() # 调用自己，没用死循环
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as r:
student_list=r.readlines()
student_new=[]
for i in student_list:
d=eval(i)
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc=input('请选择（0，升序 1，降序）：')
if asc_or_desc=='0':
asc_or_desc_bool=False
elif asc_or_desc=='1':
asc_or_desc_bool=True
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入.')
sort()
mode=input('请选择排序方式（1，按照英语。2，按照python排序。3，按照Java排序。4，按照总成绩排序）：')
if mode=='1':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='2':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['python']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='3':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['java']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='4':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['english'])+int(x['python'])+int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print('您的输入有误，请重新输入!!!')
sort()
show_student(student_new)
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as r:
students = r.readlines()
if students:
print(f'一共有{len(students)}名学生')
else:
print('暂未录入信息')
else:
print('暂未保存数据...')
def show():
student_lst = []
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as r:
students_data = r.readlines()
for item in students_data:
student_lst.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
运行：
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
小白一枚，欢迎一起交流学习。
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