手动搭建openstack云平台-Linux

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-24 09:53:45 发布

是小鱼了啦

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-24 09:53:45 发布

阅读量1.6k

点赞数 2

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签： linux openstack 运维

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_63086586/article/details/129651330

该实验旨在通过脚本部署一个由控制节点和计算节点组成的OpenStack平台。首先，配置YUM源并上传基础镜像。接着，搭建FTP服务器供计算节点访问。然后，修改SELinux配置和关闭防火墙。最后，对计算节点的磁盘进行分区，创建Cinder和Swift存储。所有这些步骤都是为了准备安装和部署OpenStack服务。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、实验目的

1、了解OpenStack平台部署方法

2、了解脚本部署方式

3、使用脚本部署OpenStack平台

二、实验软件要求

VMware、Centos7、CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511 、XianDian-IaaS-v2.2

三、实验内容

1、部署架构

一台控制节点和一台计算节点组成简单架构OpenStack平台，控制节点安装MySQL、Keystone、Glance、Nova、Neutron、Dashboard等服务，主要作为认证、镜像管理节点，以及提供Nova和Neutron服务的管理节点。提供Dashboard界面服务。计算节点主要安装nova-compute和Neutron服务，Nova服务提供云主机服务，Neutron提供网络服务。通过Shell脚本进行OpenStack平台部署，脚本分为控制节点脚本和计算节点脚本，对应节点执行部署脚本。

2、规划节点

Linux操作系统的节点规划，见下表。

主机名

节点

192.168.100.10

controller

控制节点

192.168.100.20

compute

计算节点

3、基础准备

准备2台VMware虚拟机，手动最小化安装2台CentOS 7.2系统，作为OpenStack节点，第一张网卡为仅主机模式，第二张网卡为NAT模式，以及配置CPU虚拟化，计算节点至少使用4 GB内存，硬盘不小于50GB。第一张网卡网段为192.168.100.0/24，第二张网卡网段为192.168.200.0/24。并对compute节点分两个区为sdb1与sdc1。

实施步骤

四、YUM源配置

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*

[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo <<EOF

> [centos]

> name=centos

> baseurl=file:///opt/centos7.2

> gpgcheck=0

> enabled=1

> [iaas]

> name=iaas

> baseurl=file:///opt/iaas/iaas-repo

> gpgcheck=0

> enabled=1

> EOF

controller节点

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*

[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo <<EOF

> [centos]

> name=centos

> baseurl=ftp://192.168.100.10/centos7.2

> gpgcheck=0

> enabled=1

> [iaas]

> name=iaas

> baseurl=ftp://192.168.100.10/iaas/iaas-repo

> gpgcheck=0

> enabled=1

> EOF

compute节点

五、上传基础镜像并挂载

[root@localhost ~]# ll

total 7012772

-rw-------. 1 root root 1319 Oct 31 13:17 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4329570304 Jan 16 2017 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2851502080 Nov 5 2017 XianDian-IaaS-v2.2.iso

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/centos7.2

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/iaas

[root@controller ~]# mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /mnt/

[root@controller ~]# cp -rvf /mnt/* /opt/centos7.2/

[root@controller ~]# umount /mnt/

[root@controller ~]# mount -o loop XianDian-IaaS-v2.2.iso /mnt/

[root@controller ~]# cp -rvf /mnt/* /opt/iaas/

[root@controller ~]# umount /mnt/

上传XianDian-IaaS-v2.2.iso和CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso两个镜像包至controller节点/root目录中，并将ISO文件挂载至/opt/目录中。

清除缓存，验证yum源。测试本地yum源是否安装成功。

六、搭建ftp服务器，开启并设置自启

控制节点安装vsftpd服务，提供计算节点ftp访问方式。

# yum install vsftpd -y

在/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf配置中添加一行代码：

anon_root=/opt

重启vsftpd服务：

# systemctl restart vsftpd

#systemctl enable vsftpd

七、修改selinux 文件(compute 和controller 同样配置)

#vi /etc/seliunx/config

修改SELINUX=disabled

#setenforce 0 (立即生效)

查看配置：#getenforce (查看selinux 规则，若输出为permissive 则成功)

八、配置防火墙(compute 和controller 同样配置)

禁止开机自启：#systemctl disable firewalld

立即关闭：#systemctl stop firewalld

九、划分空白磁盘，cinder存储和swift存储（compute）

[root@compute ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot

└─sda2 8:2 0 99.8G 0 part

├─centos-root 253:0 0 83.8G 0 lvm /

└─centos-swap 253:1 0 16G 0 lvm [SWAP]

sdb 8:16 0 50G 0 disk

sdc 8:32 0 50G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom

处理分区sdb

[root@compute ~]# parted /dev/sd

sda sda1 sda2 sdb sdc

[root@compute ~]# parted /dev/sd

sda sda1 sda2 sdb sdc

[root@compute ~]# parted /dev/sdb

GNU Parted 3.1

Using /dev/sdb

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) mklabel gpt

(parted) print

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart cinder 0 51GB

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? Ignore

(parted) print

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 17.4kB 51.0GB 51.0GB cinder

(parted) quit

Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

处理分区sdc

[root@compute ~]# parted /dev/sdc

GNU Parted 3.1

Using /dev/sdc

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

(parted) mklabel gpt

(parted) print

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdc: 53.7GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart swift 0 51GB

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? Ignore

(parted) print

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)

Disk /dev/sdc: 53.7GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

1 17.4kB 51.0GB 51.0GB swift

(parted) quit

Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

Sdb与Sdc进行格式化

[root@compute ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb

mkfs.xfs: /dev/sdb appears to contain a partition table (gpt).

mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite.

[root@compute ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdc

mkfs.xfs: /dev/sdc appears to contain a partition table (gpt).

mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite.

查看分区结果

[root@compute ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot

└─sda2 8:2 0 99.8G 0 part

├─centos-root 253:0 0 83.8G 0 lvm /

└─centos-swap 253:1 0 16G 0 lvm [SWAP]

sdb 8:16 0 50G 0 disk

└─sdb1 8:17 0 47.5G 0 part

sdc 8:32 0 50G 0 disk

└─sdc1 8:33 0 47.5G 0 part

sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom

[root@compute ~]# fdisk -l

# Start End Size Type Name

1 34 99609375 47.5G Microsoft basic cinder

1 34 99609375 47.5G Microsoft basic swift

十、编辑环境变量（controller、compute相同）

[root@controller ~]# yum install -y iaas-xiandian

配置信息如下：

[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh

##--------------------system Config--------------------##

##Controller Server Manager IP. example:x.x.x.x

HOST_IP=192.168.100.10

##Controller Server hostname. example:controller

HOST_NAME=controller

##Compute Node Manager IP. example:x.x.x.x

HOST_IP_NODE=192.168.100.20

##Compute Node hostname. example:compute

HOST_NAME_NODE=compute

##--------------------Rabbit Config ------------------##

##user for rabbit. example:openstack

RABBIT_USER=openstack

##Password for rabbit user .example:000000

RABBIT_PASS=000000

##--------------------MySQL Config---------------------##

##Password for MySQL root user . exmaple:000000

DB_PASS=000000

##--------------------Keystone Config------------------##

##Password for Keystore admin user. exmaple:000000

DOMAIN_NAME=domain

ADMIN_PASS=000000

DEMO_PASS=000000

##Password for Mysql keystore user. exmaple:000000

KEYSTONE_DBPASS=000000

##--------------------Glance Config--------------------##

##Password for Mysql glance user. exmaple:000000

GLANCE_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore glance user. exmaple:000000

GLANCE_PASS=000000

##--------------------Nova Config----------------------##

##Password for Mysql nova user. exmaple:000000

NOVA_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore nova user. exmaple:000000

NOVA_PASS=000000

##--------------------Neturon Config-------------------##

##Password for Mysql neutron user. exmaple:000000

NEUTRON_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore neutron user. exmaple:000000

NEUTRON_PASS=000000

##metadata secret for neutron. exmaple:000000

METADATA_SECRET=000000

##External Network Interface. example:eth1

INTERFACE_NAME=eno33554952（controller外网网卡名称）

##First Vlan ID in VLAN RANGE for VLAN Network. exmaple:101

#minvlan=101

##Last Vlan ID in VLAN RANGE for VLAN Network. example:200

#maxvlan=200

##--------------------Cinder Config--------------------##

##Password for Mysql cinder user. exmaple:000000

CINDER_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore cinder user. exmaple:000000

CINDER_PASS=000000

##Cinder Block Disk. example:md126p3

BLOCK_DISK=sdb1（分区信息）

##--------------------Trove Config--------------------##

##Password for Mysql Trove User. exmaple:000000

TROVE_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore Trove User. exmaple:000000

TROVE_PASS=000000

##--------------------Swift Config---------------------##

##Password for Keystore swift user. exmaple:000000

SWIFT_PASS=000000

##The NODE Object Disk for Swift. example:md126p4.

OBJECT_DISK=sdc1（分区信息）

##The NODE IP for Swift Storage Network. example:x.x.x.x.

STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP=192.168.100.20

##--------------------Heat Config----------------------##

##Password for Mysql heat user. exmaple:000000

HEAT_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore heat user. exmaple:000000

HEAT_PASS=000000

##--------------------Ceilometer Config----------------##

##Password for Mysql ceilometer user. exmaple:000000

CEILOMETER_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore ceilometer user. exmaple:000000

CEILOMETER_PASS=000000

##--------------------AODH Config----------------##

##Password for Mysql AODH user. exmaple:000000

AODH_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore AODH user. exmaple:000000

AODH_PASS=000000

[root@controller ~]#

将controller节点的openrc.sh传输至compute节点所放目录下。

[root@compute ~]# scp controller://etc/xiandian/openrc.sh /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh

The authenticity of host 'controller (192.168.100.10)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is 32:68:31:bb:4b:c9:2b:e6:73:7f:c0:2b:49:4b:97:c4.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'controller' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

root@controller's password:

openrc.sh 100% 3105 3.0KB/s 00:00

[root@compute ~]# cat /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh

十一、使用脚本安装部署OpenStack平台（controller、compute）

1、双节点执行 iaas-pre-host.sh

[root@controller ~]# iaas-pre-host.sh

重启系统，执行reboot命令

执行完这个脚本两个节点都要重启！！！(compute 节点要先重启）