【问题记录】Ubuntu上添加虚拟环境到jupyter notebook

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已于 2023-10-14 16:04:17 修改

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文章标签： ubuntu jupyter python

于 2023-10-14 15:57:33 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_46248455/article/details/133826219

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本文介绍了在创建并激活conda虚拟环境后，如何安装ipykernel遇到的ImportError问题，以及提供了解决方案：升级并强制重装IPython。后续步骤包括使用`python-mipykernelinstall`命令及在JupyterNotebook中管理虚拟环境。

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conda中虚拟环境创建完成、jupyter notebook安装完成之后，使用以下命令：

conda activate fhgym36  #  fhgym36为虚拟环境名称
conda install ipykernel  # 安装ipython内核
python -m ipykernel install --user --name fhgym36  # jupyter内核中安装虚拟环境

若出现如下类似错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 183, in _run_module_as_main
    mod_name, mod_spec, code = _get_module_details(mod_name, _Error)
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 142, in _get_module_details
    return _get_module_details(pkg_main_name, error)
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 109, in _get_module_details
    __import__(pkg_name)
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ipykernel/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .connect import *
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ipykernel/connect.py", line 11, in <module>
    from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from .terminal.embed import embed
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/terminal/embed.py", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.terminal.interactiveshell import TerminalInteractiveShell
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/terminal/interactiveshell.py", line 16, in <module>
    from prompt_toolkit.document import Document
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
    from .interface import CommandLineInterface
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/interface.py", line 19, in <module>
    from .application import Application, AbortAction
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/application/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .application import Application
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/application/application.py", line 43, in <module>
    from prompt_toolkit.buffer import Buffer
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/buffer.py", line 9, in <module>
    from .completion import Completer, Completion, CompleteEvent
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/completion/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .base import (
  File "/home/wfh/anaconda3/envs/fhgym36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/completion/base.py", line 7, in <module>
    from prompt_toolkit.eventloop import (
ImportError: cannot import name 'aclosing'

错误消息表明 IPython 软件包存在问题，可使用如下命令，重新安装ipython：

pip install --upgrade --force-reinstall ipython

再次运行 python -m ipykernel install --user --name fhgym36 。终端运行：

jupyter notebook

浏览器进入jupyter notebook界面，可在根目录下的“新建”选择虚拟环境，或者进入具体文件，点击“服务”-“改变服务”选择环境。