简单的图书管理系统python实现

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-10 00:10:17 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_45486948/article/details/125542165

版权

Python openpyxl 图书管理系统增删改查学生借阅

关键词由优快云通过智能技术生成

学习目标：

提示：编写图书管理系统

学习内容：

实现增删改查的简单操作以及学生的借阅归还操作，并简单掌握python对excel的操作

学习时间：

三天内编写 2022年06月30日

学习产出：

加深对python语法的理解
了解python拓展包的安装
了解openpyxl的使用

安装openpyxl拓展包：

1.更新pip

win+r输入cmd+回车打开终端

输入

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

2.安装openpyxl

pip install openpyxl

代码分享：

from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook
import os
import time
import sys

Length = 1
stu_num = 0
operations = []
t = 0

# 创建xlsx表来储存内容


def CreateList():
    global Length
    Length = 1
    wb = Workbook()
    wb.create_sheet('图书信息')
    wb.create_sheet('学生信息')
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    ws['A1'].value = '书名'
    ws['B1'].value = '作者'
    ws['C1'].value = '数量'
    ws = wb['学生信息']
    wb.save('library.xlsx')

# 初始化长度


def ini_Length():
    global Length
    Length += 1
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['图书信息']

    while ws['A'+str(Length)].value != None:
        Length += 1
    Length -= 1


def ini_stu():
    global stu_num
    stu_num += 1
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['学生信息']
    while ws['A'+str(stu_num)].value != None:
        stu_num += 1
    stu_num -= 1

# 阻止无效输入


def int_input(operate):

    if operate == 'append':
        try:
            num = int(input("您的下一步操作是(1.继续 2.返回):"))
            if num == 1 or num == 2:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'delete':
        try:
            detail()
            num = int(input('请输入你将要删除图书的序号(-1 :返回)：'))
            if 0 < num < Length:
                return num+1
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'borrow':
        try:
            num = int(input('请输入你将要借阅图书的序号(-1 :返回)：'))
            if num == -1:
                return -1
            elif 0 < num < Length:
                return num+1
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'find':
        try:
            num = int(input('\n1.总览\n2.按名称查询\n3.按作者查询\n\n请输入你的操作:'))
            if 0 < num < 4:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'amount':
        try:
            num = int(input("请输入图书的数量:"))
            if num < 0:
                1/0
            else:
                return num
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)
    elif operate == 'admin':
        try:
            num = int(input("您的下一步操作是："))
            if 1 <= num <= 6 or num == -1:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'main':
        try:
            num = int(input("输入数字可进行相应操作："))
            if num == 1 or num == -1 or num == 2:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'ini':
        try:
            num = int(input("您的操作是："))
            if num == 1 or num == 2:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入-")
            print()
            return int_input(operate)
    elif operate == 'stu_num':
        try:
            users = int(input('请输入学号(10位):'))
            if len(str(users)) != 10:
                1/0
            else:
                return users
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入！！！")
            return int_input(operate)
    elif operate == 'student':
        try:
            num = int(input('请输入您的操作：'))
            if 4 > num > 0:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入！！！")
            return int_input(operate)
    elif operate == 'return_book':
        try:
            num = int(input('\n\n请输入您需要归还图书对应的序号(-1 :返回)：'))
            if t >= num > 0 or num == -1:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入！！！")
            return int_input(operate)

    elif operate == 'revise_book':
        detail()
        try:
            num = int(input('\n\n请输入您需要修改图书数量对应的序号(-1 :返回)：'))
            if 0 < num < Length or num == -1:
                return num
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入！！！")
            return int_input(operate)
    else:
        wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
        ws = wb['图书信息']
        amount = ws['C'+str(operate)].value

        try:
            num = int(input('\n\n请输入需要修改图书数量(-1 :返回)：'))
            if abs(num) <= amount or num > amount:
                ws['C'+str(operate)].value += num
                wb.save('library.xlsx')
            else:
                1/0
        except:
            print("此输入无效！请重新输入！！！")
            return int_input(operate)


# 增加图书
def append_Book():
    global Length
    judge = 0
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    name = input("请输入书名：")
    author = input("请输入作者：")
    num = int_input('amount')
    for i in range(2, Length+1):
        if ws['A'+str(i)].value == name:
            ws['C'+str(i)].value += num
            wb.save('library.xlsx')
            judge = 1
    if judge == 1:
        print('此书已录入，已自动帮您添加该书的数量！！')
        time.sleep(3)
        admin_operate()
    else:
        ws.append([name, author, num])
        wb.save('library.xlsx')
        print('Lenght = ', Length)
        Length += 1
        judge = int_input('append')
        if judge == 1:
            append_Book()
        else:
            admin_operate()


# 删除图书
def delete_Book(num):
    global Length
    if Length == 0:
        print("您还没有存入图书！")
        return 0
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    ws.delete_rows(num)
    wb.save('library.xlsx')
    Length -= 1

# 修改图书


def revise_Book():
    print("此功能只支持修改书本的数量！！")
    print()
    num = int_input('revise_book')
    if num == -1:
        pass
    else:
        int_input(num)

# 总览


def detail():
    alph = ['A', 'B', 'C']
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    for i in range(1, Length+1):
        print('-------------------')
        for j in alph:
            print(ws[j+str(i)].value, end='\t')
        if i != 1:
            print("   .........\t", i-1)
    print()

# 查询


def find():
    judge = 0
    alph = ['A', 'B', 'C']
    operate = int_input('find')
    if operate == 1:
        detail()
    elif operate == 2:
        name = input("\n请输入您查询图书的名称:")
        wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
        ws = wb['图书信息']
        for i in range(2, Length+1):
            if name == ws['A'+str(i)].value:
                for j in alph:
                    print(ws[j+str(1)].value, end='\t')
                print()
                for j in alph:
                    print(ws[j+str(i)].value, end='\t')
                judge = 1
                print()
                break
        if judge == 0:
            print("此系统未录入此书！")
            time.sleep(2)
            return 0
    elif operate == 3:
        name = input('\n请输入您查询作者的姓名:')
        wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
        ws = wb['图书信息']
        for i in range(2, Length+1):
            if name == ws['B'+str(i)].value:
                for j in alph:
                    print(ws[j+str(1)].value, end='\t')
                print()
                for j in alph:
                    print(ws[j+str(i)].value, end='\t')
                judge = 1
        print()
        if judge == 0:
            print("此系统未录入该作者的书籍！")
            time.sleep(2)
            return 0

# 初始化图书


def ini_library():
    global operations
    global Length

    print("*********************************")
    print('*  ', end='')
    for i in operations:
        print('{} -->'.format(i[0]), end='')
    print("  \t*")
    print("*                               *")
    print("*您将丢失所有包括图书及学生在内\t*")
    print("*的信息！！！              \t*")
    print("*                         \t*")
    print("*            1.确定        \t*")
    print("*            2.我再想想      \t*")
    print("*                               *")
    print("*                          \t*")
    print("*********************************")
    print()
    operate = int_input('ini')
    if operate == 1:
        print("格式化中请稍等", end=' ')
        time.sleep(2)
        print('.', end=' ')
        time.sleep(2)
        print(".     数据已成功清除！")
        time.sleep(2)
        Length = 0
        CreateList()
    operations.pop()
    Length += 1
    admin_operate()


# 借阅图书
def borrow_book(user):
    global Length
    global stu_num
    num = find()
    if num != 0:
        num = int_input('borrow')
    else:
        return 0

    if num == -1:
        return 0
    if Length == 0:
        print("当前图书馆还没有录入图书！")
        return 0

    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    book_name = ''
    if ws['C'+str(num)].value <= 0:
        print("该图书没有库存了！")
    else:
        ws['C'+str(num)].value -= 1
        book_name = ws['A'+str(num)].value
        ws = wb['学生信息']
        for i in range(1, stu_num+1):
            if ws['A'+str(i)].value == user:
                if ws['D'+str(i)].value != None:
                    print()
                    print("您已经借阅了三本图书请归还后再借阅，谢谢您的配合！")
                    time.sleep(2)
                    ws = wb['图书信息']
                    ws['C'+str(num)].value += 1
                else:
                    if ws['B'+str(i)].value == None:
                        ws['B'+str(i)].value = book_name
                    elif ws['C'+str(i)].value == None:
                        ws['C'+str(i)].value = book_name
                    else:
                        ws['D'+str(i)].value = book_name
                break
    wb.save('library.xlsx')

# 归还图书操作


def return_book(user):
    global t
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['学生信息']
    name = ''

    for i in range(1, stu_num+1):
        if ws['A'+str(i)].value == user:
            if ws['B'+str(i)].value != None:
                t += 1
                print(t, '.', ws['B'+str(i)].value, '\t', end='')
            if ws['C'+str(i)].value != None:
                t += 1
                print(t, '.', ws['C'+str(i)].value, '\t', end='')
            if ws['D'+str(i)].value != None:
                t += 1
                print(t, '.', ws['D'+str(i)].value)
        c = i
        break

    if t == 0:
        print("本图书馆没有您的借阅记录！")
        time.sleep(2)
        return 0
    num = int_input('return_book')
    if num == -1:
        pass
    elif num == 1:

        name = ws['B'+str(c)].value
        ws['B'+str(c)].value = ws['C'+str(c)].value
        ws['C'+str(c)].value = ws['D'+str(c)].value
        ws['D'+str(c)].value = None
    elif num == 2:
        name = ws['C'+str(c)].value
        ws['C'+str(c)].value = ws['D'+str(c)].value
        ws['D'+str(c)].value = None
    elif num == 3:
        name = ws['D'+str(c)].value
        ws['D'+str(c)].value = None
    ws = wb['图书信息']
    for i in range(1, Length):
        if ws['A'+str(i)].value == name:
            ws['C'+str(i)].value += 1
    wb.save('library.xlsx')
    t = 0


# 管理员操作菜单
def admin_operate():
    global Length
    global stu_num
    global operations
    print()
    print('*********************************')
    print('*  ', end='')
    for i in operations:
        print('{}->'.format(i[0]), end='')
    print('               \t*')
    print('*                        \t*')
    print('*          1.增加图书          \t*')
    print('*          2.删除图书         \t*')
    print('*          3.修改数值        \t*')
    print('*          4.查询图书        \t*')
    print('*          5. 初始化          \t*')
    print('*          6.  返回            \t*')
    print('*                            \t*')
    print('*         -1.保存并退出      \t*')
    print('*                              \t*')

    print('*当前录入图书数量：{}     \t*'.format(Length-1))
    print('*学生用户数量：{}         \t*'.format(stu_num))
    print('*********************************')
    print()

# 学生端菜单


def student_operate():
    print()
    print('*********************************')
    print('*  ', end='')
    for i in operations:
        print('{}->'.format(i[0]), end='')
    print('               \t*')
    print('*                         \t*')
    print('*        1.借阅图书         \t*')
    print('*        2.归还图书         \t*')
    print('*        3.  返回          \t*')
    print('*                          \t*')
    print('*                          \t*')
    print('*********************************')


# 管理入口
def administrator():
    global operations
    global Length
    admin_operate()

    operation = int(input('请输入你的操作：'))
    judge = 1

    while judge > 0:
        if operation == 1:
            append_Book()
        elif operation == 2:
            name = int_input('delete')
            if name != -1:
                delete_Book(name)
            admin_operate()
        elif operation == 3:
            revise_Book()
        elif operation == 4:
            find()
            print("按任意键返回~ ~ ~")
            os.system('pause')
            print()
            admin_operate()
        elif operation == 5:
            operations.append(['5.初始化', 'administrator'])
            ini_library()
            print()
            print("感谢您的使用！请重新进入")
            time.sleep(5)
            sys.exit(0)
        elif operation == 6:
            t = operations.pop()
            main()
        elif operation == -1:
            print("感谢您的使用！")
            time.sleep(5)
            sys.exit(0)
        operation = int_input('admin')

# 学生操作入口


def student():
    global operations
    global stu_num
    user = int_input('stu_num')
    judge = 1
    wb = load_workbook('library.xlsx')
    ws = wb['学生信息']
    for i in range(1, stu_num+1):
        if ws['A'+str(i)].value == user:
            judge = 0
            break
    if judge:
        stu_num += 1
        ws['A'+str(stu_num)].value = user
    wb.save('library.xlsx')
    student_operate()
    operate = int_input('student')

    while 1:
        if operate == 1:
            borrow_book(user)
            student_operate()
        elif operate == 2:
            return_book(user)
            student_operate()
        elif operate == 3:
            operations.pop()
            main()
        operate = int_input('student')


# 主函数入口
def main():
    global Length
    if os.path.exists(r'library.xlsx'):
        pass
    else:
        CreateList()
    global operations
    print('*********************************')
    print('*                           \t*')
    print('*            1.管理员        \t*')
    print('*            2.学生        \t*')
    print('*                         \t*')
    print('*           -1.退出        \t*')
    print('*                         \t*')
    print('*********************************')
    print()
    ini_Length()
    ini_stu()
    operate = int_input('main')
    if operate == 1:
        operations.append(['1.管理员', 'main'])
        administrator()
    elif operate == 2:
        operations.append(['2.学生', 'main'])
        student()
    elif operate == -1:
        print("感谢您的使用！")
        time.sleep(5)
        sys.exit(0)


main()