基于Django搭建Python web项目——表单验证（五）

利用表单验证类进行验证

  当用户提交表单时，往往需要进行数据验证，再将数据保存至数据库，例如下图的注册表单，这时我们就可以利用Django的表单验证类。

  表单验证类
  自定义表单验证类需要继承Django的forms. Form基类，验证字段函数名称为clean_字段，验证通过需要返回，最后到clean()验证方法结束验证，这里通过原生的正则表达式进行了电话、密码以及邮箱验证。

from django import forms
from home.models import Users
import re

class RegisterForm(forms.Form):

    username = forms.CharField(max_length=32, error_messages={"required": '用户名不能为空'})
    email = forms.CharField(error_messages={"required": '邮箱不能为空'})
    telephone = forms.CharField(error_messages={"required": '手机不能为空'})
    password = forms.CharField(error_messages={"required": '密码不能为空'})
    password_confirm = forms.CharField(error_messages={"required": "确认密码不能为空"})

    def clean_username(self):
        username = self.cleaned_data.get('username')
        if not re.match(r'[0-9a-zA-Z]{4,10}', username):
            raise forms.ValidationError('用户名格式不正确')
        ret = Users.objects.filter(username=username)
        if ret:
            raise forms.ValidationError("用户名已经存在")
        return username

    def clean_email(self):
        email = self.cleaned_data.get('email')
        if not re.match(r'^[0-9a-zA-Z_]{0,19}@[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,13}\.[com,cn,net]{1,3}$', email):
            raise forms.ValidationError("邮箱格式不正确")
        return email

    def clean_telephone(self):
        telephone = self.cleaned_data.get('telephone')
        if not re.match(r"^1[35678]\d{9}$", telephone):
            raise forms.ValidationError("手机格式不正确")
        return telephone

    def clean_password(self):
        password = self.cleaned_data.get('password')
        if not re.match(r'[0-9a-zA-Z]{6,16}', password):
            raise forms.ValidationError('密码格式不正确')
        return password

    def clean(self):
        clean_data = super().clean()
        password = self.cleaned_data.get('password')
        password_confirm = self.cleaned_data.get('password_confirm')
        if password != password_confirm:
            raise forms.ValidationError('两次输入密码不一致')

        return clean_data

  表单验证
  表单通常都是通过post方法提交，即把request. POST传入表单验证类进行验证，通过is_valid()判断验证是否通过，没有错误就进行下一步操作，否则通过获取错误进行返回。

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
from home.forms import RegisterForm
from home.models import Users
from home.tools import md5_
import random

class RegisterView(View):

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, 'home/user/register.html', {'nav_list': 7, 'code': 200})

    def post(self, request):
        form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            interfere = random.randint(10000, 99999)
            username = form.cleaned_data.get('username')
            password = md5_(form.cleaned_data.get('password') + str(interfere))
            email = form.cleaned_data.get('email')
            telephone = form.cleaned_data.get('telephone')
            Users(username=username, password=password, email=email, telephone=telephone, interfere=interfere).save()
            return JsonResponse({"msg": '注册成功', "code": 200})
        else:
            for error in form.errors.get_json_data().values():
                return JsonResponse({'msg': error[0].get('message'), 'code': 201})