转载自:https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014775723/article/details/85213793
侵删
ubuntu安装python3.7,并更新python默认指向为python3.7
查看python的指向。
ls -l /usr/bin | grep python
可以看到,此时python指向的是python3.4。
第一部分:安装python3.7
1.直接使用apt-get安装python3.7失败:
apt-get install python3.7
2.改为手动安装
步骤1:在python官网找到python-3.7.1.tgz的地址:https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz
步骤2:下载安装包
sudo wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz
步骤3:解压安装包
sudo tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz
步骤4:切换到解压后的目录下
cd Python-3.7.1
步骤5:./configure(也可以./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1)
-
sudo ./configure
-
# 或者
-
./configure --prefix=/usr/
local/python3.7.1
步骤6:编译make(没有安装make的安装一下)
sudo make
步骤7:测试make test
sudo make test
关于make test命令出现ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_ctypes’ 错误,请移步我的另外一篇博文https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014775723/article/details/85224447
步骤8:安装sudo make install
sudo make install
若步骤5执行的是 ./configure,则安装后可执行文件默认放在/usr /local/bin,库文件默认放在/usr/local/lib,配置文件默认放在/usr/local/include,其它的资源文件放在/usr /local/share。
若步骤5执行的是./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1,则可执行文件放在/usr /local/python3.7.1/bin,库文件放在/usr/local/python3.7.1/lib,配置文件放在/usr/local/python3.7.1/include,其它的资源文件放在/usr /local/python3.7.1/share
步骤9:若步骤5执行./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1,则需要添加环境变量。步骤5是./configure的跳过此步骤
添加环境变量
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3.7.1/bin
查看环境变量
echo $PATH
步骤10:查看安装目录
可以看到此时python3.7安装到了/usr/local/lib/(若步骤5执行./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1,python3.7安装到了/usr/local/python3.7.1/lib/)
步骤11:测试,输入python3.7
第二部分:更新python默认指向为python3.7
步骤1:查看python命令指向
ls -l /usr/bin | grep python
步骤2:若如步骤1的图,若要安装python3.4则,由于python3.4为系统自带的,直接使用以下命令并跳过步骤3:
删除原有链接
rm /usr/bin/python
建立新链接
ln -s /usr/bin/python3.4 /usr/bin/python
步骤3:由于python3.7是自己安装的,不在/usr/bin下,而在usr/local/bin或者/usr/local/python3.7.1/bin下(取决于前面执行的./configure还是./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1。因此需要先加一条软链接并且把之前的python命令改为python.bak,同时pip也需要更改。依次执行以下命令
若python3.7安装时,执行的是./configure,则:
-
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
-
ln -s /usr/
local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
-
mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip.bak
-
ln -s /usr/
local/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
若python3.7安装时,执行的是./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.7.1,则为:
-
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
-
ln -s /usr/
local/python3.
7.1/bin/python3.
7 /usr/bin/python
-
mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip.bak
-
ln -s /usr/
local/python3.
7.1/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
步骤4:此时输入python验证
参考:
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u013214212/article/details/81540840
https://www.jianshu.com/p/2a5cd519e583
https://www.cnblogs.com/yhongji/p/9383857.html
<div class="person-messagebox">
<div class="left-message"><a href="https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014775723">
<img src="https://profile.csdnimg.cn/5/6/4/3_u014775723" class="avatar_pic" username="u014775723">
</a></div>
<div class="middle-message">
<div class="title"><span class="tit "><a href="https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u014775723" data-report-click="{"mod":"popu_379","ab":"new"}" target="_blank">正在努力学习的zz</a></span>
<!-- 等级,level -->
<img class="identity-icon" src="https://csdnimg.cn/identity/blog4.png"> </div>
<div class="text"><span>原创文章 30</span><span>获赞 52</span><span>访问量 11万+</span></div>
</div>
<div class="right-message">
<a class="btn btn-sm bt-button personal-watch" data-report-click="{"mod":"popu_379","ab":"new","extend1":"个人信息未关注"}">关注</a>
<a href="https://im.youkuaiyun.com/im/main.html?userName=u014775723" target="_blank" class="btn btn-sm bt-button personal-letter">私信
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>