pip install sklearn 的错误定位与解决办法

Collecting sklearn Using cached sklearn-0.0.post12.tar.gz (2.6 kB) Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error error: subprocess-exited-with-error × python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully. │ exit code: 1 ╰─> [15 lines of output] The 'sklearn' PyPI package is deprecated, use 'scikit-learn' rather than 'sklearn' for pip commands. Here is how to fix this error in the main use cases: - use 'pip install scikit-learn' rather than 'pip install sklearn' - replace 'sklearn' by 'scikit-learn' in your pip requirements files (requirements.txt, setup.py, setup.cfg, Pipfile, etc ...) - if the 'sklearn' package is used by one of your dependencies, it would be great if you take some time to track which package uses 'sklearn' instead of 'scikit-learn' and report it to their issue tracker - as a last resort, set the environment variable SKLEARN_ALLOW_DEPRECATED_SKLEARN_PACKAGE_INSTALL=True to avoid this error More information is available at https://github.com/scikit-learn/sklearn-pypi-package [end of output] note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip. error: metadata-generation-failed × Encountered error while generating package metadata. ╰─> See above for output. note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip. hint: See above for details.

错误定位

这个错误是因为你尝试安装sklearn包，而该包已经被弃用。现在，scikit-learn包才是正确的包名。错误信息明确指出：

• sklearn PyPI包已弃用，应使用scikit-learn。
• 在所有pip命令和依赖文件中使用scikit-learn而不是sklearn。

解决办法

     安装正确的包：scikit-learn：

pip install scikit-learn

     更新依赖文件：

如果你有一个requirements.txt文件或其他依赖文件，请确保将sklearn替换为scikit-learn。

具体步骤

1. 安装scikit-learn：

pip install scikit-learn

​​​​​​​      2. 如果你有依赖文件（如requirements.txt），请修改内容：

将requirements.txt中的sklearn替换为scikit-learn。

1. 重新安装依赖：

pip install -r requirements.txt

可能的其他情况

• 如果你的依赖包中有其他包依赖于sklearn，请查看该包的最新版本是否已经更新为依赖scikit-learn，并尝试更新该包。如果该包没有更新，可以向包的维护者报告这个问题。
• 作为最后手段，你可以设置环境变量SKLEARN_ALLOW_DEPRECATED_SKLEARN_PACKAGE_INSTALL=True，以便临时安装sklearn，但这不推荐，因为长期来看你应该过渡到使用scikit-learn。

总结

主要解决办法是改用scikit-learn包，并在所有相关文件中更新依赖。如果仍然遇到问题，可以检查其他依赖包是否正确更新并兼容新的包名。