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c:/texlive/2023/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.sty:45: Fatal Package fo
ntspec Error: The fontspec package requires either XeTeX or
(fontspec) LuaTeX.
(fontspec)
(fontspec) You must change your typesetting engine to,
(fontspec) e.g., “xelatex” or “lualatex” instead of
(fontspec) “latex” or “pdflatex”.

Type to continue.
…

l.45 \msg_fatal:nn {fontspec} {cannot-use-pdftex}

Process finished with exit code 1
错误解决方法：
你遇到的错误是因为 fontspec 包要求使用 XeTeX 或 LuaTeX 引擎（如 xelatex 或 lualatex），而你当前使用的是 pdflatex（基于传统的 pdfTeX 引擎）。

错误原因：

• fontspec 包的作用：它用于在 LaTeX 中加载系统字体（如 .ttf 或 .otf 字体文件），通常与中文字体、高级排版需求相关。
• 引擎不兼容：pdflatex 无法处理 fontspec 包的指令，因为它依赖现代引擎的 Unicode 和字体管理功能。

解决方案：

1. 改用 xelatex 或 lualatex 编译：

   • 将你的编译命令从 pdflatex 替换为 xelatex 或 lualatex，例如：

     xelatex -file-line-error -interaction=nonstopmode -synctex=1 -output-directory=W:/coder/latex_graduate wsx.tex
     

   • 大多数 LaTeX 编辑器（如 TeXworks、VS Code、TeXstudio）允许你在设置中选择默认编译引擎。

2. 检查文档的编码和字体设置：

   • 确保你的文档以 UTF-8 编码 保存（尤其是包含中文时）。
   • 如果使用 ctex 包，它通常会自动配置中文字体，但在 xelatex 下更稳定。示例导言区：

     \documentclass{GZUthesis}
     \usepackage{ctex} % 自动处理中文
     

3. 移除不必要的 fontspec 依赖（如果误用）：

   • 如果文档没有特殊字体需求，且错误是由于其他包间接引入了 fontspec，尝试通过以下方式修复：

     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % pdflatex 下使用
     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
     

附加提示：

• 中文字体配置：如果使用 ctex，它已经为中文优化，无需额外加载 fontspec。如需自定义字体，参考 ctex 的文档配置。
• 编译链调整：使用 xelatex 时，可能需要多次编译以确保交叉引用正确生成。

修改后重新编译即可解决此错误。