JavaMail发送邮件应用Web项目

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 17:09:44 发布

codewen77

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 17:09:44 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_43598193/article/details/104879372

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本文详细介绍了如何使用JavaMail API发送邮件，包括设置邮件服务器、使用POP3/SMTP服务、SSL加密、下载必要jar包、编写Java代码等步骤。特别强调了使用QQ邮箱和网易邮箱的差异，以及邮件标题中文乱码的解决方法。

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使用JavaMail前，一定要注意：
1.是否开放了 POP3/SMTP服务，并且需要获取授权码
网易邮箱举例
设置中点击POP3/SMTP/IMAP
在这里插入图片描述
勾选POP3/SMTP服务

在左边找到客户端授权码，设置一下授权码
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-QuIsWZaB-1584256890584)(/data/uploads/20200315/8e8c00bc0bda3bff5aeeb66e47f9c235.png)]

2.如果用QQ邮箱，在网易邮箱代码的基础上，还要加上SSL加密（只有QQ才有！）并且创建Session的时候授权码安全验证，其它地方都一样 QQ邮箱发送邮件
3.需要下载两个jar
mail
activation
代码：
首页index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/mail" method="post">
        <p>用户名:<input type="text" name="uname"></p>
        <p>密码:<input type="password" name="upassword"></p>
        <p>邮箱:<input type="email" name="uemail"></p>
        <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

成功页面success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>注册成功</title>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        window.onload = function () {
            var time = document.getElementById("time");
            var t = 3;
            setInterval(function () {
                t--;
                time.innerText = t;
                if(t == 0) {
                    window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/jsp/index2.jsp";
                }
            }, 1000);
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
恭喜您注册成功，<span id="time">3</span>秒后跳转...
</body>
</html>

success要跳转的界面index2.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>index2</title>
</head>
<body>
hello 这是首页
</body>
</html>

配置文件mail.properties

# 邮件服务器
mail.host=smtp.163.com
# 协议
mail.transport.protocol=smtp
# 是否进行验证
mail.smtp.auth=true
# 发送者
sendUser=song1533968491@163.com
# 授权码
password=song123456
# 发送标题
mail_title=恭喜您，注册成功!

实体类User

package codewen.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author codewen
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private String uname;
    private String upassword;
    private String uemail;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String uname, String upassword, String uemail) {
        this.uname = uname;
        this.upassword = upassword;
        this.uemail = uemail;
    }

    public String getUname() {
        return uname;
    }

    public void setUname(String uname) {
        this.uname = uname;
    }

    public String getUpassword() {
        return upassword;
    }

    public void setUpassword(String upassword) {
        this.upassword = upassword;
    }

    public String getUemail() {
        return uemail;
    }

    public void setUemail(String uemail) {
        this.uemail = uemail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "uname='" + uname + '\'' +
                ", upassword='" + upassword + '\'' +
                ", uemail='" + uemail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

编码拦截器EncodingFilter

package codewen.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author codewen
 */
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = {"/*"})
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        chain.doFilter(req, resp);
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {

    }

}

邮件帮助类MailUtils：如果邮件标题出现中文乱码，参考JavaMail字符编码
在这里插入图片描述

package codewen.util;

import codewen.entity.User;

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * @author codewen
 */
public class MailUtils implements Runnable{

    private User user; //用户

    public MailUtils(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties pro = new Properties();
            pro.load(new InputStreamReader(MailUtils.class.getClassLoader().
                    getResourceAsStream("mail.properties"), "UTF-8"));
            //1.创建一个邮箱session会话
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro);
            // 开启session的debug，这样就可以看到邮件发送的运行情况了
            session.setDebug(true);

            //2.通过session得到transport传输对象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();

            //3.通过账户和授权码连接邮箱服务器
            //host:邮箱服务器    user:用户名    password:授权码
            ts.connect(pro.getProperty("mail.host"), pro.getProperty("sendUser"),
                    pro.getProperty("password"));

            //4.写邮件(创建邮件) 注意传递session
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); //创建邮件

            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(pro.getProperty("sendUser"))); //指明发件人
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getUemail())); //指明收件人(可以是自己)
            String subject = MimeUtility.encodeWord(pro.getProperty("mail_title"), "utf-8", "Q");
            message.setSubject(subject); //设置主题

            String mail_content = "温馨提示:恭喜您注册成功，您的用户名为"+user.getUname()+"，密码为"+user.getUpassword()+"请妥善保管";
            message.setContent(mail_content, "text/html;charset=utf-8"); // 设置文本内容

            //5.发送邮件
            ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
            //6.关闭连接
            ts.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

处理邮件的MailServlet：这里使用多线程提高效率！！！非常重要

package codewen.servlet;

import codewen.entity.User;
import codewen.util.MailUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author codewen
 */
@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/servlet/mail"})
public class MailServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String uname = req.getParameter("uname");
        String upassword = req.getParameter("upassword");
        String uemail = req.getParameter("uemail");
        User user = new User(uname, upassword, uemail);
        MailUtils mail = new MailUtils(user);
        new Thread(mail).start(); //开启多线程，提高效率
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/success.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

运行结果：
index.jsp
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success.jsp

index2.jsp

网易邮箱：
在这里插入图片描述