Restrictions on community exterior appearance(revise)

文章质疑了房主委员会关于Deerhaven实施外观限制将提升房产价值的论点,指出缺乏实证且未考虑地区差异。文章认为,Brookville的房产增值可能由多种因素引起,而非单一的外观限制政策。

The letter written by the committee of homeowners claims that once they adopt the restrictions on the exterior appearance of Deerhaven, the property values in Deerhaven would increase as happened in Brookville. In supporting his claim, the author uses as proof the same kind of restrictions adopted by Brookville seven years ago. However, his argument is rife with unsubstantiated assumptions, which cannot provide valid evidence to support his recommendation.

The committee claims that the rise of property values in Brookville seven years ago was completely due to the restrictions on the landscaping and the house painting. But he fails to provide evidence wether the houseowners in Brookville had implemented these restrictions seven years ago. If most of the houseowners in Brookville rejected to follow those restrictions, then the property values’ increase was not the effects of the restrictions. Thus, before the committee provides clear proof that houseowners in Brookville indeed obey those restrictions, we cannot be certain what effects would restrictions have on property values in Deerhaven.

Even assuming that houseowners in Brookville had implemented these restrictions, the committee relies on the additional assumption that the restrictions are responsible and the only reason for the increase of the property values in Brookville. Nevertheless, other factors were the reason for this increase. Property values are the result of demand and supply, it is possible that seven years ago, the demand of Brookville grew considerably due to the newly built business center or natrual park nearby, and thus drove up the property values in Brookville. Or because the supply of housing decreased. Either scenario would provide an alternative explanation for the increase in property values.

Even if the ascent of property values in Brookville were the result of implementation of restrictions on the landscaping and painting, the committee fails to consider possible differences between Brookville and Deerhaven that might help to bring about a different result for Deerhaven. For instance, the houses in Brookville are designed to be suitable for consistent exterior appearance with the same height and size, while houses in Deerhaven vary considerably with different sizes, heights and different locations of the yards. Consequently, potential Deerhaven home-buyers might find the consistent appearance distasteful in which case property values in Deerhaven may actually tend to decrease.

In conclusion, to persuade me that Deerhaven should adopt the same restrictions as Brookville, the committee must supply clear evidence indicating the implementation of Brookville’s restrictions, and not some other factors, was responsible for the rise in Brookville’s property values. The committee must also provide evidence that other factors affecting home prices in the two areas are essentially the same.

根据原作 https://pan.quark.cn/s/459657bcfd45 的源码改编 Classic-ML-Methods-Algo 引言 建立这个项目,是为了梳理和总结传统机器学习(Machine Learning)方法(methods)或者算法(algo),和各位同仁相互学习交流. 现在的深度学习本质上来自于传统的神经网络模型,很大程度上是传统机器学习的延续,同时也在不少时候需要结合传统方法来实现. 任何机器学习方法基本的流程结构都是通用的;使用的评价方法也基本通用;使用的一些数学知识也是通用的. 本文在梳理传统机器学习方法算法的同时也会顺便补充这些流程,数学上的知识以供参考. 机器学习 机器学习是人工智能(Artificial Intelligence)的一个分支,也是实现人工智能最重要的手段.区别于传统的基于规则(rule-based)的算法,机器学习可以从数据中获取知识,从而实现规定的任务[Ian Goodfellow and Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville的Deep Learning].这些知识可以分为四种: 总结(summarization) 预测(prediction) 估计(estimation) 假想验证(hypothesis testing) 机器学习主要关心的是预测[Varian在Big Data : New Tricks for Econometrics],预测的可以是连续性的输出变量,分类,聚类或者物品之间的有趣关联. 机器学习分类 根据数据配置(setting,是否有标签,可以是连续的也可以是离散的)和任务目标,我们可以将机器学习方法分为四种: 无监督(unsupervised) 训练数据没有给定...
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