【无线通信】传输天线切换(Transmit Antenna Switching)

TAS(Transmit Antenna Switching,传输天线切换)是一种无线通信技术,用于提高通信系统的性能和效率。通过动态切换发送天线,TAS可以在多天线系统中选择最优的天线进行数据传输,从而提升信号质量和系统容量。这种技术在现代无线通信系统(如LTE和5G)中被广泛应用。

TAS的原理

TAS的基本原理是利用多天线系统中的天线分集增益。在具有多个发送天线的系统中,可以通过选择一个或多个最优天线来进行数据传输,从而最大限度地提升接收信号的强度和质量。具体步骤如下:

  1. 信道状态信息(CSI)的获取:接收端通过估计当前信道状态信息,反馈给发送端。CSI包括信道的增益和相位等信息。

  2. 天线选择算法:发送端根据接收端反馈的CSI,使用天线选择算法(如最大信道增益选择)来选择最优的天线进行数据传输。

  3. 天线切换:根据选择结果,发送端切换到相应的天线进行数据传输。

  4. 数据传输:通过选定的天线进行数据传输,接收端接收并处理数据。

TAS的优点

  • 提高信号质量:通过选择最佳天线,TAS可以提高接收信号的质量,减少信号衰落和干扰的影响。
  • 增加系统容量:在多用户环境中,TAS可以通过动态分配天线资源,提高系统的总体容量。
  • 节省功耗:由于仅激活最优天线进行传输,TAS可以减少不必要的功耗,提升系统的能源效率。
  • 降低复杂度:相比于同时使用所有天线的MIMO系统,TAS可以简化发送端的硬件实现和信号处理复杂度。

典型应用

2) Minimize Ranging Interval: We optimize the hopping process by introducing an antenna switching scheme, in which the anchor selects TX antenna between the hopping process, as shown in Fig. 3(c). Specifically, the anchor actively controls the RF switch to select the connected antenna before the transmis sion.WhenarangingpacketontheCH1 subchannelisprocessed from the first antenna (antenna 1 in Fig. 3(c)), we switch to another antenna (antenna 2 in Fig. 3(c)) to transmit a ranging packet on the same subchannel, CH1, immediately. Then, we switch back to the first antenna for ranging packet transmission on the next subchannel, i.e., CH2. With the antenna switching scheme, the waiting time between two ranging operations on a subchannel decreases from 40 ranging operations time to 1 ranging operation time. NotethatanRFswitchtakesextra150nstoselecttheantenna. We reschedule the ranging process to reduce the interval for each ranging task. In every subchannel, the controller needs to concatenate the ranging parameters, including packet type, fre quency, and bandwidth, withtheoriginal frame before transmis sion, increasing processing time. These parameters are usually f ixed for tracking a specific target. Hence, we can prepare all the ranging packets in advance when the end device is idle. In par ticular, the synchronization packet selects the pseudo-random frequency hopping channels between the anchor and the target during the ranging. To this end, we move the synchronization packet generation process that was in-between the hopping processahead.Further,therangingpacketsarepreparedafterthe system booting, reducing 13 and 17 commands in the ranging and hopping process, respectively. From our measurements, the proposed reschedule saves 0.218ms请帮我解读分析下
08-19
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