[JavaWEB]Rest学习记录——Jersey学习（1）

于 2017-02-16 18:11:46 发布
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分类专栏： Rest 文章标签： eclipse jersey java web rest
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_30043465/article/details/55252603
本文介绍如何使用Eclipse、Maven及Jersey框架创建RESTful Web服务。包括项目搭建、依赖配置、REST资源定义及测试等步骤。

创建第一个JerseyWebService

eclipse + Maven插件 + Jersey framework
  • 创建一个Maven项目
  • 选择项目的ArcheType原型（jersey-quickstart-grizzly）
  • 填写项目信息，填写完点击“Finish”
  • Eclipse地址栏右下方可看到项目正在生成的进度条
  • 项目生成成功，查看项目目录结构
    -Main.java是grizzly web server启动的Java小应用程序
    “F:\EclipseCode\jerseyTest\src\main\java\com\bxl\group\jerseyTest\Main.java”
    -MyResource是自动生成第一个REST Resource类，包含了一个简单的GET请求的资源
    “F:\EclipseCode\jerseyTest\src\main\java\com\bxl\group\jerseyTest\MyResource.java”
  • 执行Main.java，grizzly web server将启动
    -访问http://localhost:8080/myapp/application.wadl，将生成的REST资源描述语言
    -访问生成的测试资源http://localhost:8080/myapp/myresource，看到“Got it”，第一个Jersey程序创建成功

修改pom.xml,添加Maven相应依赖库

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.bxl.group</groupId>
    <artifactId>jerseyTest</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>jerseyTest</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey</groupId>
                <artifactId>jersey-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${jersey.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-container-grizzly2-http</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- uncomment this to get JSON support:
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-media-moxy</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.14</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>asm</groupId>
            <artifactId>asm</artifactId>
            <version>3.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
         <finalName>jerseyTest</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <inherited>true</inherited>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>java</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.bxl.group.jerseyTest.Main</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <properties>
        <jersey.version>2.1</jersey.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
</project>

添加基本类Student

/**
 * @author ShirleyPaul
 * @date : 2017年2月16日 上午11:45:44
 */
package com.bxl.group.jerseyTest;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement
 public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String dept;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, String dept) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.dept = dept;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getDept() {
        return dept;
    }
    public void setDept(String dept) {
        this.dept = dept;
    }

}

添加一个REST web服务实现类RestDemo

/**
 * @author ShirleyPaul
 * @date : 2017年2月16日 上午11:46:14
 */
package com.bxl.group.jerseyTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;
import javax.ws.rs.FormParam;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.PUT;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

import com.bxl.group.jerseyTest.Student;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;


@Path("/students")
public class RestDemo {
   private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RestDemo.class);
   private static int index = 1;
   private static Map<Integer,Student> studentList = new HashMap<Integer, Student>();

   public RestDemo() {
       if(studentList.size()==0) {
           studentList.put(index, new Student(index++, "Baoxl",  "CS"));
           studentList.put(index, new Student(index++, "ShirleyPaul", "Math"));
       }
   }

   @GET
   @Path("{studentid}")
   @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
   public Student getMetadata(@PathParam("studentid") int studentid) {
       if(studentList.containsKey(studentid))
           return studentList.get(studentid);
       else
           return new Student(0, "Nil", "Nil");
   }

   @GET
   @Path("list")
   @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
   public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
       List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
       students.addAll(studentList.values());
       return students;
   }

   @POST
   @Path("add")
   @Produces("text/plain")
   public String addStudent(@FormParam("name") String name,
                            @FormParam("dept") String dept) {
       studentList.put(index, new Student(index++, name, dept));
       return String.valueOf(index-1);
   }

   @DELETE
   @Path("delete/{studentid}")
   @Produces("text/plain")
   public String removeStudent(@PathParam("studentid") int studentid) {
       logger.info("Receieving quest for deleting student: " + studentid);

       Student removed = studentList.remove(studentid);
       if(removed==null) return "failed!";
       else   return "true";
   }    

   @PUT
   @Path("put")
   @Produces("text/plain")
   public String putStudent(@QueryParam("studentid") int studentid,
                            @QueryParam("name") String name,
                            @QueryParam("dept") String dept
                            ) {
       logger.info("Receieving quest for putting student: " + studentid);
       if(!studentList.containsKey(studentid))
           return "failed!";
       else
           studentList.put(studentid, new Student(studentid, name, dept));

       return String.valueOf(studentid);
   }    
}

修改web.xml文件
“-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN”
“http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd” >


Archetype Created Web Application


jersey
com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer

    <init-param>
        <param-name>com.sun.jersey.config.property.resourceConfigClass</param-name>
        <param-value>com.sun.jersey.api.core.PackagesResourceConfig</param-value>
    </init-param>

    <init-param>
        <param-name>com.sun.jersey.config.property.packages</param-name>
        <param-value>com.bxl.group.jerseyTest</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>jersey</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

运行

url栏输入“http://localhost:8080/jerseytest/application.wadl”出现

This XML file does not appear to have any style information associated with it. The document tree is shown below.
<application xmlns="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
<doc xmlns:jersey="http://jersey.java.net/" jersey:generatedBy="Jersey: 2.1 2013-07-18 18:14:16"/>
<grammars>
<include href="application.wadl/xsd0.xsd">
<doc title="Generated" xml:lang="en"/>
</include>
</grammars>
<resources base="http://localhost:8080/jerseytest/">
<resource path="myresource">
<method id="getIt" name="GET">
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
<resource path="/students">
<resource path="delete/{studentid}">
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="studentid" style="template" type="xs:int"/>
<method id="removeStudent" name="DELETE">
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
<resource path="add">
<method id="addStudent" name="POST">
<request>
<representation mediaType="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="name" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="dept" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
</representation>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
<resource path="list">
<method id="getAllStudents" name="GET">
<response>
<ns2:representation xmlns:ns2="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns="" element="student" mediaType="application/xml"/>
<ns2:representation xmlns:ns2="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns="" element="student" mediaType="application/json"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
<resource path="put">
<method id="putStudent" name="PUT">
<request>
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="studentid" style="query" type="xs:int"/>
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="name" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="dept" style="query" type="xs:string"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
<resource path="{studentid}">
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="studentid" style="template" type="xs:int"/>
<method id="getMetadata" name="GET">
<response>
<ns2:representation xmlns:ns2="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns="" element="student" mediaType="application/xml"/>
<ns2:representation xmlns:ns2="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02" xmlns="" element="student" mediaType="application/json"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
</resource>
<resource path="application.wadl">
<method id="getWadl" name="GET">
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/vnd.sun.wadl+xml"/>
<representation mediaType="application/xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
<resource path="{path}">
<param xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="path" style="template" type="xs:string"/>
<method id="geExternalGrammar" name="GET">
<response>
<representation mediaType="application/xml"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="text/plain"/>
</response>
</method>
<method id="apply" name="OPTIONS">
<request>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</request>
<response>
<representation mediaType="*/*"/>
</response>
</method>
</resource>
</resource>
</resources>
</application>

地址栏输入“http://localhost:8080/jerseytest/students/list”

This XML file does not appear to have any style information associated with it. The document tree is shown below.
<students>
<student>
<dept>CS</dept>
<id>1</id>
<name>Baoxl</name>
</student>
<student>
<dept>Math</dept>
<id>2</id>
<name>ShirleyPaul</name>
</student>
</students>

地址栏输入“http://localhost:8080/jerseytest/students/1”
会显示一个学生的信息

This XML file does not appear to have any style information associated with it. The document tree is shown below.
<student>
<dept>CS</dept>
<id>1</id>
<name>Baoxl</name>
</student>
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