from _ctypes import Union, Structure, ArrayImportError: DLL load failed while importing _ctypes

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已于 2023-05-20 16:23:45 修改

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分类专栏：错误记录 python 文章标签： python

于 2023-05-16 14:29:42 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_20373723/article/details/130704825

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在新建的Python虚拟环境中，用户尝试导入torch和其他一些包时遇到ImportError，提示DLL加载ctypes失败。问题可能是由于缺少必要的系统库或文件。解决方法是将其他正常环境中的相关文件复制到新环境中。

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新建了一个虚拟环境，导入torch遇到下面的错误：

from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _ctypes: 找不到指定的模块。

(pt31011) PS C:\Users\MECHREVO\Downloads\pip-23.1.2> python
Python 3.10.11 | packaged by Anaconda, Inc. | (main, Apr 20 2023, 18:56:50) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import torch
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\torch\__init__.py", line 17, in <module>
    import ctypes
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _ctypes: 找不到指定的模块。
>>> exit()
(pt31011) PS C:\Users\MECHREVO\Downloads\pip-23.1.2> pip install ctypes
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\Scripts\pip-script.py", line 33, in <module>
    sys.exit(load_entry_point('pip==23.1.2', 'console_scripts', 'pip')())
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\Scripts\pip-script.py", line 25, in importlib_load_entry_point
    return next(matches).load()
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\importlib\metadata\__init__.py", line 171, in load
    module = import_module(match.group('module'))
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\main.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\autocompletion.py", line 10, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\main_parser.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.build_env import get_runnable_pip
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\build_env.py", line 20, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.spinners import open_spinner
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\spinners.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.logging import get_indentation
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\logging.py", line 29, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\misc.py", line 42, in <module>
    from pip._internal.locations import get_major_minor_version
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\locations\__init__.py", line 14, in <module>
    from . import _sysconfig
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\locations\_sysconfig.py", line 11, in <module>
    from .base import change_root, get_major_minor_version, is_osx_framework
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\locations\base.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils import appdirs
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\appdirs.py", line 13, in <module>
    from pip._vendor import platformdirs as _appdirs
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\platformdirs\__init__.py", line 42, in <module>
    PlatformDirs = _set_platform_dir_class()  #: Currently active platform
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\platformdirs\__init__.py", line 21, in _set_platform_dir_class
    from pip._vendor.platformdirs.windows import Windows as Result
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\platformdirs\windows.py", line 3, in <module>
    import ctypes
  File "F:\Anaconda3\envs\pt31011\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _ctypes: 找不到指定的模块。

这个错误不止会在导入torch时遇到，导入别的包也可能出现

解决办法是在别的虚拟环境中找到下面三个东西复制到你新创建的缺失这三个文件的环境中对应的目录下