题目:输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果,请重建出该二叉树。假设输入的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果中都不含重复的数字。例如:前序遍历序列{ 1, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 6, 8}和中序遍历序列{4, 7, 2, 1, 5, 3, 8,6},重建出下图所示的二叉树并输出它的头结点。

代码实现:
public class Test06 {
/**
* 二叉树节点类
*/
public static class BinaryTreeNode {
int value;
BinaryTreeNode left;
BinaryTreeNode right;
}
/**
* 输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果,请重建出该二节树。假设输入的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果中都不含重复的数字。
*
* @param preorder 前序遍历
* @param inorder 中序遍历
* @return 树的根结点
*/
public static BinaryTreeNode construct(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
if (preorder == null || inorder == null || preorder.length != inorder.length || inorder.length < 1) {
return null;
}
return construct(preorder, 0, preorder.length - 1, inorder, 0, inorder.length - 1);
}
/**
* 输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果,请重建出该二节树。假设输入的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果中都不含重复的数字。
*
* @param preorder 前序遍历
* @param ps 前序遍历的开始位置
* @param pe 前序遍历的结束位置
* @param inorder 中序遍历
* @param is 中序遍历的开始位置
* @param ie 中序遍历的结束位置
* @return 树的根结点
*/
public static BinaryTreeNode construct(int[] preorder, int ps, int pe, int[] inorder, int is, int ie) {
if (ps > pe) {
return null;
}
int value = preorder[ps];
int index = is;
while (index <= ie && inorder[index] != value) {
index++;
}
if (index > ie) {
throw new RuntimeException("Invalid input");
}
BinaryTreeNode node = new BinaryTreeNode();
node.value = value;
node.left = construct(preorder, ps + 1, ps + index - is, inorder, is, index - 1);
node.right = construct(preorder, ps + index - is + 1, pe, inorder, index + 1, ie);
return node;
}
public static void printTree(BinaryTreeNode root) {
if (root != null) {
printTree(root.left);
System.out.print(root.value + " ");
printTree(root.right);
}
}
private static void test1() {
int[] preorder = {1, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 6, 8};
int[] inorder = {4, 7, 2, 1, 5, 3, 8, 6};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
private static void test2() {
int[] preorder = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int[] inorder = {5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
private static void test3() {
int[] preorder = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int[] inorder = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
private static void test4() {
int[] preorder = {1};
int[] inorder = {1};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
private static void test5() {
int[] preorder = {1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 7};
int[] inorder = {4, 2, 5, 1, 6, 3, 7};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
private static void test6() {
construct(null, null);
}
private static void test7() {
int[] preorder = {1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 7};
int[] inorder = {4, 2, 8, 1, 6, 3, 7};
BinaryTreeNode root = construct(preorder, inorder);
printTree(root);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
test1();
System.out.println();
test2();
System.out.println();
test3();
System.out.println();
test4();
System.out.println();
test5();
System.out.println();
test6();
System.out.println();
test7();
}
}