linux安装mysql8.x报错解决

安装过程中下面的语句 

./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

出现报错

/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.11' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.8' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.22' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.27' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.28' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/mysqld)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.25' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libcrypto.so.3)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.28' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.19.4)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.19.4)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.19.4)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.8' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.19.4)
/soft/mysql/bin/mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by /soft/mysql/bin/../lib/private/libprotobuf-lite.so.3.19.4)

 总结来说归类为两个问题

问题1：libstdc++.so.6系列报错是由于当前动态库版本较低不满足软件的先决条件，从错误来看至少需要22以上的版本，用高版本（libstdc++.so.6.0.25升职更高）替换后从新创建软件连接即可。

问题2：libm.so.6和libc.so.6错误由于glibc版本较低导致，并且至少需要glibc 2.28的版本

 问题一的解决   libstdc++.so.6.0.26

1.从网上下载所需要的libstdc++.so.6.0.24版本

2.把libstdc++.so.6.0.26拷贝到/usr/lib64目录下

cp libstdc++.so.6.0.26 /usr/lib64/

3.删除原来的libstdc++.so.6符号连接。

rm -rf libstdc++.so.6

4.新建新符号连接

ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.26 libstdc++.so.6

 这时候再执行

./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   你就会发现报错少了一点，也证明了libstdc++.so.6.0.24

问题二的解决   编译安装glibc-2.28

这里其实也很复杂 总体思路参考centos7升级glibc2.28_centos7 glibc2.28-优快云博客

1.下载glibc2.28

mkdir -p /opt/third-party && cd /opt/third-party
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.28.tar.gz
tar -xf glibc-2.28.tar.gz
cd glibc-2.28

2.查看glibc的INSTALL文件所描述的依赖 并 下载

vim INSTALL

可以发现我们需要前置条件是    >=4.0的make   和    >=4.9的gcc

 

照着链接做 基本没有问题

gcc升级链接 

 CentOS升级gcc到高版本（全部版本详细过程）_centos gcc update-优快云博客

这里我选择的是 7.3版本的gcc

make的升级

linux centos7 升级 make 4.3_centos7 make-4.3-优快云博客

3. 完成了前置条件之后   修改test-installation.pl文件

   添加 && $name ne "nss-test2"

【小知识点】行号  可以通过  :set number的方式   让其显示

vim scripts/test-installation.pl

4. 正式编译

这个过程我参考了两个链接

centos7升级glibc2.28_centos7 glibc2.28-优快云博客

centos7 glibc2.17升级到glibc2.28_centos_esdhhh-华为云开发者联盟

具体操作

cd /...对应的的路径.../glibc-2.28/

mkdir glibc_build
cd glibc_build
../configure --prefix=/usr --with-headers=/usr/include --with-binutils=/usr/bin

中间可能会有依赖的确实 下载对应的依赖即可

我操作的过程中缺失了bison   直接通过 yum install bison就可以解决了

然后是make编译 

make -j10

make install 

最后成功了   glibc2.28编译成功

 

mysql安装的最终结果   显示密码就OK了

 

参考链接

bug总体解决思路 https://www.cnblogs.com/Roobbin/p/17772445.html

libstdc++.so.6.0.26的安装 完美解决动态库问题libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.11‘ not found_./mysqld: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `cxxabi_1-优快云博客

glibc2.28升级  centos7升级glibc2.28_centos7 glibc2.28-优快云博客 

centos7 glibc2.17升级到glibc2.28_centos_esdhhh-华为云开发者联盟

gcc升级链接  CentOS升级gcc到高版本（全部版本详细过程）_centos gcc update-优快云博客

make升级链接 linux centos7 升级 make 4.3_centos7 make-4.3-优快云博客