linux 手工自动安装mysql最新版本tar包步骤(随意指定安装目录且不分散)

操作必须是root权限,可以sudo su提升
1. 完全卸载之前安装的所有的mysql,以及配置文件等等
2. 使用命令 uname -a 查看linux的版本,注意是32位还是64位的
3. 到mysql.com下载对应的linux 通用压缩包,如我的是ubuntu我使用了一个通用的包,而不是使用deb包
4. 使用命令 tar zxvf mysql.gz 解压
5. 使用mv 解压出来的文件夹名 移动到的位置(如我的/var/mysql,使用/usr/local/mysql可能会方便点,mysql中的默认位置是它),如:mv mysql-5* /var/mysql
6. 在mysql目录中创建安装脚本如下 vi ins.sh, 安装原则是把所有的文件只放在一个地方.然后运行一个脚本就能安装与完全卸载,如果在运行中出现提示某文件或是目录不存在,原因可能是未安装链接库如我的libaio未没有安装,另一个可能是脚本/配置中的basedir(mysql目录)与datadir(数据库的目录)未设置,设置好后重新运行即可

======================内容==========

#!/bin/sh
# auto install mysql by qidizi
update-rc.d -f mysql.server remove #remove auto stop/start
ln -s /var/mysql/support-files/mysql.server mysql_ctrl.sh # make control, you can start mysql use: mysql_ctrl.sh start
groupadd mysql # add mysql user group
useradd -r -g mysql mysql #create a system user call mysql and it's group is mysql
chown -R mysql . #change all file belong to user :mysql
chgrp -R mysql . #change all file belong to group :mysql
mkdir /var/mysql_db_data #create db dir
#cp -r -i ./data/* /var/mysql_db_data/ #copy all file to my dir and tip my for overwrite
#install / replace something,e.g.
scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/var/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/var/mysql_db_data
chown -R root . #change all belong to user:root
chown -R mysql ./data
chown -R mysql /var/mysql_db_data #change db_data belong to user :mysql
chgrp -R mysql /var/mysql_db_data
cp support-files/my-large.cnf ./my.cnf #put config in basedir,not in /etc ,use large config,remember add basedir/datadir
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
ln -s /var/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server #add reboot auto run
echo 'install doned!'
echo '\n flow tip to do something \n'
echo 'qidizi tip:\n'
echo 'you should to do \n:'
echo 'change mysql user:root password use bin/mysqladmin -u root password "you new password type here" \n'
echo '\n vi mysql.server set datadir and basedir ...'
echo '\n sometimes tip lost file,maybe basedir/datadir is empty,input then and restart'
echo '\n you can start mysql use:mysql_ctrl.sh start'
update-rc.d  mysql.server defaults #add auto stop /start
exit 0

==========内容结束===========

7. 为my.cnf设置路径,一般有些脚本会依赖它来判断mysql路径,我使用large配置,首先打开它配置,可以
[client]
basedir =/var/mysql
datadir =/var/mysql_db_data
[mysqld]
basedir =/var/mysql
datadir =/var/mysql_db_data

8. 创建卸载脚本 unins.sh
=====内容===


#!/bin/sh
# auto install mysql by qidizi,must be run on user :root
./mysql_ctrl.sh stop #stop mysql
userdel mysql #del a system user call mysql and it's group is mysql
groupdel mysql # del mysql user group
update-rc.d -f mysql.server remove #remove auto start /stop
rm /etc/init.d/mysql.server #remove reboot auto run
echo 'doned\n you can run rm -r /var/mysql'
exit 0




===内容===
9. 设置support-files/mysql.server中的路径参数
basedir=/var/mysql
datadir=/var/mysql_db_data

10. 设置sh成可运行
chmod 655 ins.sh unins.sh
11. 运行安装
./ins.sh
=====输出内容======
 
ln: creating symbolic link `mysql_ctrl.sh': File exists
mkdir: cannot create directory `/var/mysql_db_data': File exists   
Installing MySQL system tables...  
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
   
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy  
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system  
   
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
   
/var/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'  
/var/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h chrd-mail password 'new-password'
   
Alternatively you can run:
/var/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation   
   
which will also give you the option of removing the test   
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is  
strongly recommended for production servers.   
   
See the manual for more instructions.  
   
You can start the MySQL daemon with:   
cd /var/mysql ; /var/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &   
   
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl   
cd /var/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl  
   
Please report any problems with the /var/mysql/scripts/mysqlbug script!
   
install doned!
\n flow tip to do something \n
qidizi tip:\n  
you should to do \n:   
change mysql user:root password use bin/mysqladmin -u root password "you new password type here" \n
\n vi mysql.server set datadir and basedir ...
\n sometimes tip lost file,maybe basedir/datadir is empty,input then and restart   
\n you can start mysql use:mysql_ctrl.sh start
root@chrd-mail:/var/mysql# 120412 15:02:04 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/mysql_db_data/chrd-mail.err'.  
120412 15:02:04 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/mysql_db_data  

=========输出结束====
安装成功,按回车/ctrl + c结束提示
运行 ps -A |grep mysql 发现mysql在运行

*. 如果不运行,启动mysql的方式
./mysql_ctrl.sh start   
Starting MySQL
.... *

*. 修改root密码
/var/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

*. 安全配置,运行
/var/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

会提示是否更改root密码,输入y,修改
提示删除ni名用户,输入y
提示root不允许远程连接,输入y
提示删除test为,输入y
重载权限表.输入y
安全配置结束

------------安装结束--------------